Psychosocial stress and obesity among children residing in Kaunas City

Gražulevičienė, Regina; Petravičienė, Inga; Andrušaitytė, Sandra; Balsevičienė, Birutė

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.05.002

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In six studies, there was no significant relationship . Although direct comparisons across studies are limited, in those four studies targeting younger children (preschool children), three research teams found significant positive relationships between parenting role stress and children's weight outcomes …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In 12 studies, mixed findings were reported about the relationship between parenting role stress and children's weight outcomes . In four out of 10 studies about the relationship between parenting role stress and children's weight, researchers observed a positive relationship between parenting role stress and children's weight . In six studies, there was no significant relationship .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different types of parental stress and childhood obesity: A systematic review of observational studies

2019

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Different types of parental stress may influence children's health behaviors and weight. The aim of this review was to systematically examine the relationships between parental stress and child obesity. We reviewed 27 studies published through December 2018 and classified parental stress as parents' general stress, parenting role stress, and life event stress. There were positive relationships of parents' general stress and parenting role stress with child obesity among families with younger children and in longitudinal studies. The relationship between life event stress and child obesity differed by measures. We found that parenting role stress may be associated with unhealthy parenting practices. Contextual factors such as children's and parents' sex, race or ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family structure appeared to play a moderating role in the relationship between parents' stress and child obesity, which warrant cautious interpretation. Our recommendations for future research include clarifying further the types of parental stress that influence child obesity, evaluating long-term relationship between parental stress and child obesity, and identifying possible mediating factors to support the relationship between parents' stress and child obesity. Researchers may also consider developing stress management programs for parents to address child obesity. KEYWORDS child health behaviors, child obesity, parental stress Child obesity is a health threat despite much effort to decrease the rate of obesity in children. In the United States, 18.5% of children between 2 and 19 years were affected by obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ age-specific 95th percentile of the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control [CDC] growth charts) in 2015 to 2016. 1 Children with obesity are more likely to be adults with obesity, which increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. 2 The epidemic of child obesity and subsequent health issues highlight the importance of early identification of obesity risk factors in children to promote risk reduction. Among the multifactorial influences on child obesity, parents can impact their child's health behaviors regarding diet (eg, fruit and vegetable consumption), physical activity, and sedentary behavior (eg, screen time). 3 Family-based interventions targeting parents to improve child obesity have reported mixed outcomes: some have been effective, while others have not. 4,5 Such interventions have focused primarily on improving parenting skills, parenting practices, or knowledge of healthy lifestyles. 3,6 The risks for developing child obesity are not limited to behavioral factors. Other risks could include parents' psychological factors, especially parental stress, and these factors may be important in the relationship between parents and their child's obesity risk factors.Stress is defined as physiological and psychological responses to stressors that are actual events or perceived threats to an individual. 7Stress is based on individuals' perc...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different types of parental stress and childhood obesity: A systematic review of observational studies

2019

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“…Filled out postal questionnaires on health behavior, children’s health since birth, and other data were received from 1489 mothers followed-up for 4–6 years. A detailed description of the Kaunas cohort study and a flow chart of the inclusion criteria have been provided previously [ 31 ]. All 1489 mothers provided written informed consents, and the study protocol was approved by the Lithuanian Bioethics Committee, resolution No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Social and Natural Environment on Preschool-Age Children Weight

Petravičienė

Gražulevičienė

Dėdelė

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Background: The complex impact of environmental and social factors on preschool children being overweight/obese is unclear. We examined the associations between the levels of green space exposure and the risk of being overweight/obese for 4–6 year-old children and assessed the impact of maternal education on these associations. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1489 mother-child pairs living in Kaunas, Lithuania, in 2012–2013. We assessed children overweight/obesity by standardized questionnaires using international body mass index cut-off points, and the level of greenness exposures by satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of each child’s home and by the distance to a nearest city park. The maternal education was used as the SES indicator. We used logistic regression models to investigate the strength of the associations. Results: Children from families with poorer maternal education, pathological mother-child relations and smoking mothers, and living in areas with less greenness exposure (NDVI-100 m), had significantly higher odds ratios of being overweight/obese. Lower maternal education and distance to a city park modified the effect of greenness cover level exposure on the risk of children being overweight/obese. Conclusions: Higher greenness exposure in the residential settings has beneficial effects on children’s physical development. The green spaces exposures for psychosocial stress management is recommended as a measure to prevent overweight/obesity among children.

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“…We received responses to a postal questionnaire from 1489 mothers whose residence address from the childbirth (response rate 45.2%) had not changed. This study used the similar inclusion criteria and a flow chart of the studied population as have been provided previously [ 12 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate maternal self-reported mother-child relationships, we used the Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction subscale (PCDI) of the Parenting Stress Index short form (S-PSI/SF) [ 12 , 17 , 18 ]. The PCDI subscale measures of the parent-child interactions index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Psychosocial Environment on Young Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties

Gražulevičienė

Petravičienė

Balsevičienė

2017

IJERPH

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Objective: The impact of maternal psychosocial stress on young children’s mental difficulties is unclear. This study investigated the joint effects of the socioeconomic status and parent-child relationships on emotional and behavioral difficulties in preschool children. Methods: The case-control study included 1416 mothers and their 4–6 year-old children pairs, living in Kaunas city, Lithuania. The parent-child relationships were measured using the Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction subscale. Children’s mental health difficulties were assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We used logistic regression models to indicate the strength of the associations. Results: Lower socioeconomic status women more often than higher ones reported pathological mother-child relations. Low education level was associated with statistically significant increase adjusted odds ratios for emotional symptoms and total behavioral difficulties. With reference to the group of better-educated mothers and normal mother-child relations, low education and pathological mother-child relations statistically significantly increased the risk of total difficulties in 4–6 year-old children; the adjusted odds ratios were 2.45; 95% CI 1.51–3.99. Conclusions: Pathological mother-child relations strengthened the effect of lower education on the increased risk of emotional and behavioral difficulties in preschool-age children. Measures oriented towards health behavior and psychosocial difficulties management may decrease children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties.

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Psychosocial stress and obesity among children residing in Kaunas City

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Different types of parental stress and childhood obesity: A systematic review of observational studies

Different types of parental stress and childhood obesity: A systematic review of observational studies

Impact of the Social and Natural Environment on Preschool-Age Children Weight

Impact of Psychosocial Environment on Young Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties

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