Psychosocial wellbeing and risky health behaviors among Syrian adolescent refugees in South Beirut: a study using the HEEADSSS interviewing framework

Abstract

PurposeAdolescent refugees are at risk of mental health disorders and underdiagnosed risky behaviors. Limited research exists in the Middle East and North Africa. This study aims to assess psychosocial wellbeing and risk-taking behaviors among adolescent refugees displaced to South Beirut following a standardized framework.MethodsA cross-sectional study using face-to-face confidential HEEADSSS (Home, Education/Employment, Eating, Activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Safety and Suicide/Depression) interviews was conducted among 52 Syrian adolescent refugees, between the ages of 14 and 21, in a health center in South Beirut.ResultsThe mean age of the interviewees was 17.04 ± 1.77 years, with a male predominance 34 (65.4%). Five (9.6%) were married, 38 (73.1%) were not attending school 27 (52.9%) lived in a place with a crowding index ≥3.5 and 21 (40.4%) were working. Risky health concerns or behaviors detected included no activities or exercise 38 (73.1%), eating one to two meals per day 39 (75%) and smoking 22 (42.3%). Eleven (21.2%) have been ever offered drugs and 22 (42.3%) believed they should carry a weapon for protection. Twenty one out of 32 (65.7%) had major depressive disorders and 33 (63.5%) screened positive for behavioral problems. Exposure to home verbal or physical violence, male gender, smoking, and employment were associated with high scoring in behavioral problems. Smoking and ever been touched in an unwanted way were found to be associated with depression.Conclusion and practical implicationsImplementing the HEEADSSS interviewing assessment within medical encounters with refugee adolescents is one efficient way to detect risky health behaviors and mental health problems. Interventions need to be implemented as early as possible in the refugees’ journey to help them cope and gain resilience. Training health care providers to conduct the questionnaire and delivering brief counseling when required is recommended. Establishing a network of referrals to provide multidisciplinary care to adolescents can be helpful. Obtaining a fund to distribute safety helmets for adolescent motorbike drivers can be a way to reduce injuries. More research among adolescent refugees in multiple settings, including teenagers in the host country, is needed to serve this population better.

Peer relationships, adolescent anxiety, and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation model in Turkish and syrian samples

“…When examining the limited number of studies conducted on refugee adolescents, it can be observed that studies with Syrian adolescents mainly focus on pre-migration risk factors. Although some studies have explored factors such as family [41] and well-being [103] after the resettlement of refugee adolescents in the host country, peer relationships have been neglected in this sample [32]. In this context, it is evident that sufficient attention has not been given to protective factors for the mental health of Syrian refugee adolescents.…”

A systematic review of the factors influencing the risky behaviors of syrian forced migrant children and adolescents in Turkey

“…According to Chimienti et al (2019), to mitigate the risks posed by intergenerational differences, it is necessary to include this group in education under the guidance of multicultural education policies. On the other hand, based on a fully structured qualitative research conducted by Rizk et al (2023) on a group of 52 Syrian forced migrant adolescents in Lebanon, this situation should not only be considered within the scope of migrant children-adolescent groups but should also be taken into account within the context of forced migrant children-adolescent groups who have migrated due to conflict, and policies and programs should be developed accordingly. It is important to note that research on the factors influencing risky behaviors in children and adolescent forced migrants is ongoing, and more research is needed to fully understand the complexities of this issue.…”