Psychosocial work dimensions, personality, and body mass index: Sex differences

Blanch, Ángel; Aluja, Antón

doi:10.2478/s13382-013-0121-3

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…381 Physicians. 79% women M S Time pressure, workload, physical demands (6 items) W > M (3 items) M > W Collaboration (2 items) W = M [ 52 ] Spain. 506 public and private full time professional.…”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Gender an Antecedent to Workplace Stressors? A Systematic Review and an Empirical Study Using a Person-Centred Approach

Fida

Watson

Ghezzi

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Objective: Work is a key domain of life in which gender inequality can manifest, yet gender is rarely the explicit focus of research seeking to understand exposure to stressors. We investigated this research gap in two studies. Methods: Study 1 was a systematic review of the relationship between gender and key stressors (e.g., high demands, poor support, lack of clarity and control). From a total of 13,376,130 papers met our inclusion criteria. Study 2 was a cross-sectional study that included 11,289 employees nested within 71 public organisations (50.6% men). Through a latent profile analysis, we investigated the profiles of stressors separately from men and women. Results: The systematic review revealed that, for all stressors, a significant proportion of studies found no significant gender differences, and the review found mixed evidence of greater exposure for both men and women. The results of Study 2 revealed that both genders could be optimally represented by three psychosocial risk profiles reflecting medium, low and high stressors. The results also showed that while the shape of profiles was similar for both genders, men had a higher probability than women of being in the virtuous (i.e., low stressors) profile, and the opposite pattern emerged for the average profile (i.e., medium levels of stressors). Men and women displayed the same likelihood of being classified in the at-risk profile (i.e., high levels of stressors). Conclusion: Gender differences in exposure to stressors are inconsistent. Although the literature on gender role theory and the gendering of work suggests different exposures to stressors in men and women, we find little empirical support for this.

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Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Gender an Antecedent to Workplace Stressors? A Systematic Review and an Empirical Study Using a Person-Centred Approach

Fida

Watson

Ghezzi

et al. 2023

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Dietrich et al [ 10 ] showed that the relationship between the behavioural inhibition system (sensitivity to punishment) and the behavioural activation system (sensitivity to reward) was negatively correlated with BMI in men and positively correlated with BMI in women. In another study, Blanch and Aluja [ 20 ] demonstrated low positive correlations between BMI and neuroticism and between BMI and sociability in males along with low negative correlations between BMI and impulsive sensation seeking and between BMI and activity in females. Hintsanen et al [ 21 ] showed that higher novelty-seeking predicted higher BMI in men and women, whereas lower reward dependence predicted higher BMI in women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between sex and body mass index as mediated by temperament in a nonclinical adult sample

Oniszczenko

Stanisławiak

2018

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between sex and body mass index (BMI) as mediated by the temperament traits postulated by the regulative theory of temperament. Methods A group of 317 subjects, including 122 men and 195 women 18–82 years old ( M = 31.93; SD = 12.64 years), was recruited from the general population to participate in the study. A cross-sectional design was applied in this study. Temperament was assessed using the formal characteristics of behaviour–temperament inventory revised version (FCB–TIR). In the sample, BMIs ranged from 16.51 to 35.56 kg/m 2 ( M = 23.31 kg/m 2 ; SD = 3.61 kg/m 2 ). Results The male group had significantly higher BMI, briskness and endurance levels and significantly lower perseveration, sensory sensitivity and emotional reactivity levels compared to the female group. No significant differences between these groups were noted in terms of activity and rhythmicity. The correlations between BMI and briskness and between BMI and endurance were positive, while the correlations between BMI and perseveration and between BMI and activity were negative. The correlations among BMI, sensory sensitivity, emotional reactivity and rhythmicity were not statistically significant. The mediation analysis showed that briskness and endurance were significant partial mediators of the relationship between sex and BMI. Conclusions Sex and two temperament traits, briskness and endurance, were the best predictors of BMI. Briskness and endurance partially mediated the relationship between sex and BMI. Level of evidence Descriptive cross-sectional study. Level V.

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