Psychotic and schizotypal symptoms in non-psychotic patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Solem, Stian; Hagen, Kristen; Wenaas, Christoffer; Håland, Åshild Tellefsen; Launes, Gunvor; Vogel, Patrick A.; Hansen, Bjarne; Himle, Joseph A.

doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0502-1

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…With respect to metacognitions and OCD, one study found that change in metacognitions accompany improvement in OCD symptoms [ 53 ], and treatment that focus on metacognitive mechanisms has led to positive treatment results for OCD [ 55 , 56 ]. Exposure therapy for OCD is also associated with reductions in psychotic and schizotypal symptoms [ 57 ]. With respect to metacognitions and psychosis, a study has indicated that treatment with focus on metacognitions is a feasible for patients with psychosis [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of metacognition and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in psychosis: an analogue study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSeveral studies have indicated that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common comorbidity in patients with psychotic disorders, but there is sparse knowledge about the relationship between symptoms of OCD and psychotic symptoms. Metacognitions which guides thinking and coping is theorized to be a transdiagnostic component central for development and maintenance of psychological disorders, OCD and psychosis included. The aim of the study was therefore to explore how symptoms of OCD and metacognitions relate to symptoms of psychosis. Our main hypotheses were that metacognitions would be significantly related to all symptoms of psychological distress, and that there is considerable overlap between symptoms of psychosis and OCD.MethodsCommunity controls (N = 194) completed an internet survey measuring levels of paranoid ideation, predisposition to hallucinations, symptoms of OCD, depression, anxiety, and metacognitions. Correlations and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to unveil the relationship between symptoms and beliefs.ResultsSymptoms of OCD showed a strong positive correlation with symptoms of psychosis, and the relationships were still significant after controlling for symptoms of anxiety and depression. Metacognitions also showed strong positive correlations with all symptom measures. Metacognition and OCD-symptoms accounted for 53.8% of the variance in paranoid ideation and 43.8% of predisposition to hallucinations. There was a large overlap between symptoms of psychosis, OCD-symptoms, and metacognitions (30.2–37.3%).ConclusionsIn general, the results suggest considerable overlap between paranoid ideation, predisposition to hallucinations, and OCD and metacognitive beliefs in a non-clinical sample. Further experimental- and clinical studies are needed in order to explore metacognitive models of OCD and psychosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of metacognition and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in psychosis: an analogue study

et al. 2017

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“…10,31,32 Furthermore, these patients commonly exhibit major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use, 32,33 depression and bipolar disorder 34 as comorbid conditions, as well as increased severity of OCD and greater general psychopathology in comparison to OCD counterparts. [32][33][34] Interestingly, hoarding has been consistently associated with the SPD-OCD group 29,35 and has been reported as a predictor of schizotypal personality traits (SPT) in OCD. 36 Further clinical investigation is needed in order to elucidate the potential connection between hoarding symptoms and SPT, as well as its implication to the schizo-obsessive spectrum disorders.…”

Section: Spd-ocd Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) associated with OCD displays a more deteriorative course, poorer insight (with some patients exhibiting delusional transformation of obsessions), more negative symptoms, lower functioning, greater cognitive impairment, treatment resistance, and poorer prognosis than “pure” OCD 10 31 , 32 Furthermore, these patients commonly exhibit major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use, 32 , 33 depression and bipolar disorder 34 as comorbid conditions, as well as increased severity of OCD and greater general psychopathology in comparison to OCD counterparts 32 34 Interestingly, hoarding has been consistently associated with the SPD-OCD group 29 , 35 and has been reported as a predictor of schizotypal personality traits (SPT) in OCD 36 .…”

Section: Clinicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizo-obsessive spectrum disorders: an update

Scotti-Muzzi

Saide

2016

CNS Spectr.

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The presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) in schizophrenia is frequent, and a new clinical entity has been proposed for those who show the dual diagnosis: the schizo-obsessive disorder. This review scrutinizes the literature across the main academic databases, and provides an update on different aspects of schizo-obsessive spectrum disorders, which include schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) with OCD, OCD with poor insight, schizophrenia with OCS, and schizophrenia with OCD (schizo-obsessive disorder). An epidemiological discussion on the discrepancies observed in the prevalence of OCS and OCD in schizophrenia across time is provided, followed by an overview of the main clinical and phenomenological features of the disorder in comparison to the primary conditions under a spectral perspective. An updated and comparative analysis of the main genetic, neurobiological, neurocognitive, and pharmacological treatment aspects for the schizo-obsessive spectrum is provided, and a discussion on endophenotypic markers is introduced in order to better understand its substrate. There is sufficient evidence in the literature to demonstrate the clinical relevance of the schizo-obsessive spectrum, although little is known about the neurobiology, genetics, and neurocognitive aspects of these groups. The pharmacological treatment of these patients is still challenging, and efforts to search for possible specific endophenotypic markers would open new avenues in the knowledge of schizo-obsessive spectrum.

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“…The relationship between OCD and psychosis was first discussed about 80 years ago. According to recent studies, there might be no boundary between obsessive thoughts and delusions, as some patients with OCD may lose their insight, and their obsessive thoughts may turn into delusions (19,20). The strength of obsessive thoughts in patients with OCD, might range from overvalued ideas to delusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotic experiences in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. A cross sectional clinical study

Ghoreishizadeh

Herizchi

Farhang

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with heterogeneous and diverse symptoms. A diagnosis is challenging when patients experience psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of psychotic symptoms in patients with OCD. Methods: Using semi-structured clinical interviews, 185 patients meeting the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for OCD were selected. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive/Negative Symptoms (SAPS/SANS) were used to measure the OCD severity and insight levels and the pattern of psychotic symptoms, respectively. Characteristics of patients with and without psychotic experiences were compared. Results: A total of 38 patients (20.5%) displayed psychotic symptoms. Delusions were observed in 63.2% of these patients, while in 13.2% of them, delusions were accompanied with negative symptoms. Men, those aged between 18 and 34 years, less educated, and singles displayed significantly higher rates of psychotic symptoms. The mean Y-BOCS score (26.42±5.07) was significantly higher in patients with psychotic symptoms than in those without (24.97±6.38). Conclusion: The results showed that in OCD patients, psychotic symptoms are more common in young (<30 years), single, less educated, and those with severe OCD. Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder; psychosis; insight.

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Psychotic and schizotypal symptoms in non-psychotic patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

The role of metacognition and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in psychosis: an analogue study

The role of metacognition and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in psychosis: an analogue study

Schizo-obsessive spectrum disorders: an update

Psychotic experiences in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. A cross sectional clinical study

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