Psychotic disorders in college students: demographic and care considerations

Borgogna, Nicholas C.; Aita, Stephen L.; Trask, Christi L.; Moncrief, Grant G.

doi:10.1080/17522439.2022.2039273

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 measures depression symptom frequency in the past 2 weeks [ 25 , 26 ]. Participants rated 9 items on a 4-point Likert scale from 0 ( not at all ) to 3 ( nearly every day ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-Based Mobile Health to Address Unhealthy Eating Among Middle-Aged Sexual Minority Women With Early Life Adversity: Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial

Sun¹,

Nardi²,

Murphy³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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Background Sexual minority women (lesbian, gay, bisexual, pansexual, queer, and other nonheterosexual women) remain considerably underrepresented in health research despite being at a higher risk for diabetes and obesity as well as stigma and psychological distress than their heterosexual peers. In addition, early life adversity (ELA) is prevalent among sexual minority women, which further increases risks for obesity, psychological distress, and poor cardiovascular health. App-based mindfulness interventions are potentially promising for this group in mitigating the adverse health effects of ELA, reducing food craving and unhealthy eating, addressing the risks associated with obesity. Objective This mixed methods feasibility trial aimed to test a mindfulness-based mobile health approach for middle-aged sexual minority women (aged 30-55 years) with ELA and overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) to improve health outcomes. Methods The single-arm trial was advertised on social media and various lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer web-based groups. At baseline, after the intervention (2 months), and at the 4-month follow-up, participants completed assessments of primary outcomes (food craving, emotional eating, and weight via a mailed scale) and secondary outcomes (depression, anxiety, mindfulness, and emotion dysregulation). A standardized weight measure was mailed to participants for weight reporting. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed after the intervention via surveys and semistructured exit interviews. Results We screened 442 individuals, among which 30 eligible sexual minority women (mean age 40.20, SD 7.15 years) from various US regions were enrolled in the study. At baseline, 86% (26/30) and 80% (24/30) of participants had elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Among the 30 enrolled participants, 20 (66%) completed all intervention modules, 25 (83%) were retained at the 2-month follow-up, and 20 (66%) were retained at the 4-month follow-up. None reported adverse effects. From baseline to the 4-month follow-up, large effects were found in food craving (Cohen d=1.64) and reward-based eating (Cohen d=1.56), whereas small effects were found with weight (Cohen d=0.20; 4.21 kg on average). Significant improvements were also found in the secondary outcomes (depression, Cohen d=0.98; anxiety, Cohen d=0.50; mindfulness, Cohen d=0.49; and emotion dysregulation, Cohen d=0.44; all P<.05). Participants with higher levels of parental verbal and emotional abuse were particularly responsive to the intervention. Participants reported that the program aligned with their goals and expectations, was easy to use, and facilitated changes in eating behavior and mental health. Barriers to engagement included the need for diverse teachers, individualized support, and body positive language. Conclusions This early phase feasibility trial provides proof-of-concept support for a mindfulness mobile health approach to improve obesity-related outcomes among sexual minority women and warrants a larger randomized controlled trial in the future. The findings also suggest the need to address trauma and psychological health when addressing weight-related outcomes among sexual minority women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-Based Mobile Health to Address Unhealthy Eating Among Middle-Aged Sexual Minority Women With Early Life Adversity: Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial

Sun¹,

Nardi²,

Murphy³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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show abstract

“…Similar lines of research have also documented the ubiquity of substance use problems in college students (prevelance of roughly 39.6% for diagnosable substance use disorders; [6]). More recent ndings indicate a small portion of college students suffer from more severe forms of mental illness, such as psychotic disorders (roughly 0.27%, [7]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Males and Minorities Worse Off? How Demographics Fit into College Student Psychiatric Medication Dissatisfaction

Borgogna

Aita

2023

Preprint

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There is a need to better understand factors associated with psychiatric medication dissatisfaction in college students. We explored cultural and identity factors associated with psychiatric medication dissatisfaction in isolation and in combination. We also explored relevant covarying factors such as trauma history and psychotherapy utilization. Data were collected from the 2020–2021 as part of the Healthy Minds Study, involving n = 11,421 college students who reported taking medication for a psychiatric disorder. Categorical medication dissatisfaction was modest, n = 847 (7.4%). Results indicated identifying as a biological male and/or a Person-of-Color (with exception to Asian/Asian American students) were associated with significantly greater medication dissatisfaction relative to referent groups (female and White participants). Being married/partnered and having a history of psychotherapy treatment were significantly associated with psychiatric medication satisfaction. Additionally, experiencing emotional, sexual, and/or physical trauma were each associated with higher odds of psychiatric medication dissatisfaction. Results were consistent in isolation and in combination (adjusted for all variables simultaneously). Our findings suggest contextual factors of identity, treatment history, and trauma history as uniquely associated with psychiatric medication dissatisfaction in college students. Treatment providers are encouraged to take a holistic approach when considering intervention recommendations.

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“…Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience a multitude of mental health problems disproportional to their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts. Examples include disparities in depression (Björkenstam et al, 2017;Borgogna et al, 2019), anxiety/social anxiety (L. P. Wadsworth & Hayes-Skelton, 2015), substance use (Green & Feinstein, 2012;Schuler et al, 2019), and even psychosis (Borgogna et al, 2022). SGM mental health problems are particularly notable on college campuses, where as high as 60% of SGM college students report experiencing issues with their mental health (Gonzales et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and Gender Minority Victimization: Base Rates of Assault in College Students Across Sexual and Gender Identities

Borgogna

Lathan

Aita

2022

J Interpers Violence

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Past findings have indicated that sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience disproportionate rates of emotional, physical, and sexual assault compared to their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts. While these findings are robust, many studies report homogenous groupings of SGM participants. This practice likely masks important between-group differences. We sought to address this issue by examining reported base rates of emotional, physical, and sexual assault within 12 months of data collection, split across specific sexual (heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, questioning, queer, pansexual, asexual, and demisexual) and gender (cisgender men, cisgender women, gender nonconforming female assigned at birth [FAB], and gender nonconforming male assigned at birth) identity groups. Our data came from 2020 to 2021 Healthy Minds Study, a large survey of college students living in the United States ( N = 119,181). Results indicated most forms of assault were higher in SGM groups compared to heterosexual and cisgender individuals, both on univariate and multivariate (e.g., one or more type of assault) levels. Demisexual individuals reported the highest base rates for emotional assault (45.7%), whereas pansexual individuals reported highest rates of physical assault (12.5%) and sexual assault (17.3%). Demisexual individuals reported the highest multivariate base rate of experiencing at least one form of assault (49.5%), and pansexual individuals reported the highest multivariate base rate of experiencing all three forms of assault (4.7%) within the past 12 months. Gender nonconforming FAB individuals reported the highest univariate and multivariate base rates across assault types compared to all other gender identity groups. With few exceptions, compared to heterosexual and cisgender men (referents), all other sexual and gender identity groups reported significantly higher adjusted odds of experiencing each assault type. These data suggest SGM individuals experience disproportionate levels of assault.

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Psychotic disorders in college students: demographic and care considerations

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Mindfulness-Based Mobile Health to Address Unhealthy Eating Among Middle-Aged Sexual Minority Women With Early Life Adversity: Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial

Mindfulness-Based Mobile Health to Address Unhealthy Eating Among Middle-Aged Sexual Minority Women With Early Life Adversity: Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial

Are Males and Minorities Worse Off? How Demographics Fit into College Student Psychiatric Medication Dissatisfaction

Sexual and Gender Minority Victimization: Base Rates of Assault in College Students Across Sexual and Gender Identities

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