Psychotic-like experiences during early adolescence predict symptoms of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems three years later: A community-based study

Isaksson, Johan; Vadlin, Sofia; Olofsdotter, Susanne; Åslund, Cecilia; Nilsson, Kent W.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.033

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Finally, we observed significant between-group differences reflecting strong positive associations between the intensity of PE and emotional distress measured via emotional (depressive and anxiety) symptoms, suicidal ideation, and maladaptive psychological factors or cognitive distortions previously associated with depression and suicide (defeat, entrapment, and rumination) [ 40 , 41 ]. This indicates good discriminant validity and is in line with prior research showing that, in young people from the general population, PE can be regarded as risk markers for a wide range of non-psychotic symptoms [ 6 , 68 ], emotional distress, and suicidal ideation [ 9 , 69 – 72 ]. Additionally, our findings revealing associations between PE and cognitive distortions support prior research conducted in the light of cognitive models of psychosis [ 73 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Third, despite the adequate validity of the CAPE-P15 for assessing PE and the adequate sensitivity and specificity of self-report measures for identifying PE in adolescents, using a self-report questionnaire might over-estimate the prevalence of these experiences [ 10 ]. However, the endorsement rates of PE were similar to those of recent studies conducted with relatively similar-aged samples [ 6 , 35 ]. Fourth, we assessed rumination using a limited set of items, and probably failed to capture some specific aspects of this construct.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…For instance, 50–62% of patients with psychotic symptoms are not identified in the first contact with mental healthcare services [ 4 ], and only 5.2% of cases of emerging first-episode psychosis are detected in secondary mental health services [ 5 ]. PE are associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms [ 6 , 7 ] and negative outcomes, including poor functioning [ 8 – 10 ], increased use of mental health services and psychotropic medication [ 11 , 12 ], poor treatment response [ 13 , 14 ], and suicidal behavior [ 15 , 16 ]. Consequently, PE are potential markers to identify individuals at risk for psychopathology beyond psychotic spectrum disorders [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No previous studies have used the latter approach to assess the accuracy of the CAPE in educational settings, where higher thresholds will probably be needed to reduce false positives [ 20 ]. In line with literature suggesting authors to evaluate the psychometric properties of screening tools for assessing PE [ 30 ] and encouraging them to detect PE in both adolescence [ 6 ] and population-based samples [ 22 , 26 , 36 ], we seek to provide new psychometric evidence about the CAPE-P15 in adolescent school students in Chile. First, we tested its internal structure by conducting confirmatory analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive scale (CAPE-P15) accurately classifies and differentiates psychotic experience levels in adolescents from the general population

et al. 2021

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Background There is increasing interest in studying psychotic symptoms in non-clinical populations, with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive scale (CAPE-P15) being one of the self-screening questionnaires used most commonly for this purpose. Further research is needed to evaluate the ability of the scale to accurately identify and classify positive psychotic experiences (PE) in the general population. Aim To provide psychometric evidence about the accuracy of the CAPE-P15 for detecting PE in a sample of Chilean adolescents from the general population and classifying them according to their PE severity levels. Method We administered the CAPE-P15 to a general sample of 1594 students aged 12 to 19. Based on Item Response Theory (IRT), we tested the accuracy of the instrument using two main parameters: difficulty and discrimination power of the 15 items. Results We found that the scale provides very accurate information about PE, particularly for high PE levels. The items with the highest capability to determine the presence of the latent trait were those assessing perceptual anomalies (auditory and visual hallucinations), bizarre experiences (a double has taken the place of others; being controlled by external forces), and persecutory ideation (conspiracy against me). Conclusions The CAPE-P15 is an accurate and suitable tool to screen PE and to accurately classify and differentiate PE levels in adolescents from the general population. Further research is needed to better understand how maladaptive psychological mechanisms influence relationships between PE and suicidal ideation (SI) in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive scale (CAPE-P15) accurately classifies and differentiates psychotic experience levels in adolescents from the general population

et al. 2021

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“…Adolescents are at increased risk for both psychotic experiences (PE) (2) and suicidal ideation (SI) (3) which are prevalent in the general (4) and clinical populations (5). Both are associated with psychological distress and higher prevalence of mental disorders (6) and are regarded as early markers for subsequent psychiatric vulnerability in adolescents (7)(8)(9). Especially the combination of the two seems problematic in this young population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Specific Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Psychotic Experiences, and Suicidal Ideation in Chilean Adolescents From the General Population

et al. 2021

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Associations between psychotic experiences and suicidal ideation are not yet fully understood, and the potential role of depressive symptoms in this relationship remains unclear. The current study examined relationships between depressive symptoms (DS), psychotic experiences (PE) and suicidal ideation (SI) using two complementary approaches on cross-sectional data from a community sample of adolescents aged 13–19 years (N = 1,591). First, we investigated the association between the three domains using mediation analysis, showing that depressive symptoms partly mediate the relationship between psychotic experiences and suicidal ideation. Second, we looked at associations between the three domains at item level using network analysis. Specific associations between symptoms of the three domains were found, indicating depressive symptoms of sadness, avolition, pessimism, and self-criticalness/worthlessness as the most central symptoms in the network. Suicidal ideation was associated with the depressive symptoms pessimism and worthlessness, to social anxiety, and to perceptual anomalies. Our results show that the mediating effect of depressive symptoms between psychotic experiences and suicidal ideation may be due to associations between specific aspects of SI, depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences. These findings can contribute to the planning of health services and programs aimed at the timely detection of psychopathology and suicidal risk in young people.

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Associations between social engagement, internalizing symptoms, and delusional ideation in the general population

Hall,

Moussa-Tooks,

Sheffield

2023

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Background: Delusions are a hallmark feature of psychotic disorders and lead to signi cant clinical and functional impairment. Internalizing symptoms-such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma exposure-are commonly cited to be related to delusions and delusional ideation and are often associated with de cits in social functioning. While emerging studies are investigating the impact of low social engagement on psychotic-like experiences, little work has examined the relationship between social engagement, internalizing symptoms, and delusional ideation, speci cally. Methods: Using general population data from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland (NKI-Rockland) database (N=526), we examined the relationships between self-reported delusional ideation, internalizing symptoms, and social engagement and tested four indirect effect models to understand how these factors interrelate.Results: Delusional ideation was signi cantly associated with both increased internalizing symptoms (r=0.41, p<0.001) and lower social engagement (r=-0.14, p=0.001). Within aspects of social engagement, perceived emotional support showed the strongest relationship with delusional ideation (r=-0.17, p<0.001). Lower social engagement was also signi cantly associated with increased internalizing symptoms (r=-0.29, p<0.001). Cross-sectional models suggest that internalizing symptoms have a signi cant indirect effect on the association between delusional ideation and social engagement.Conclusions: These ndings reveal that elevated delusional ideation in the general population is associated with lower social engagement. Elevated internalizing symptoms appear to play a critical role in reducing engagement, possibly exacerbating delusional thinking. Future work should examine the causal and temporal relationships between these factors.

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Psychotic-like experiences during early adolescence predict symptoms of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems three years later: A community-based study

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive scale (CAPE-P15) accurately classifies and differentiates psychotic experience levels in adolescents from the general population

The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive scale (CAPE-P15) accurately classifies and differentiates psychotic experience levels in adolescents from the general population

Evidence for Specific Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Psychotic Experiences, and Suicidal Ideation in Chilean Adolescents From the General Population

Associations between social engagement, internalizing symptoms, and delusional ideation in the general population

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