Psychotropic and Neurotropic Activity

Vogel, H. Gerhard

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70995-4_6

Cited by 20 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 2,834 publications

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“…The mice were trained once daily for 3 days. Motor impairment was assessed as the inability of mice to climb backwards up the tube within 60 s. The length of time that the mice spent in the chimney was recorded (Vogel 2008). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two photocell beams, located across the axis, automatically measured animal’s movements. Each mouse was placed individually into the cage for 5 min (Vogel 2008). Spontaneous locomotor activity was evaluated on the 1st and 7th days of the experiment 35 min after NO modulator administration which corresponds with the time interval analysed in the rotarod and chimney tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rotarod test is used for assessing not only motor coordination of rodents but also its sense of balance. The chimney test is generally used as complementary to other tests which determine muscle relaxant activity (Vogel 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

et al. 2016

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The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of drugs modifying l-arginine:NO:cGMP pathway on the development of tolerance to flunitrazepam (FNZ)-induced motor impairment in mice. FNZ-induced motor incoordination was assessed on the 1st and 8th days of experiment, using the rotarod and chimney tests. It was found that (a) both a non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor: N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) and an unselective neuronal NOS inhibitor: 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) inhibited the development of tolerance to the motor-impairing effects of FNZ in the rotarod and the chimney tests and (b) both a NO precursor: l-arginine and a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5): sildenafil did not affect the development of tolerance to FNZ-induced motor impairment in mice. Those findings provided behavioural evidence that NO could contribute an important role in the development of tolerance to FNZ in mice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

et al. 2016

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“…A recorded video (5 min) of each animal was used to analyze the total number of entries, the time spent in the open and closed arms. [19] The criterion of an entry was the presence of all four paws inside an arm. The frequency of entries in open arms (OAE) and closed arms (CAE) and total time spent in open arms (OAT) and closed arms (CAT) were evaluated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of anxiolytic effects of aripiprazole and hydroxyzine as a combination in mice

Sawantdesai

Kale

Savai

2016

J Basic Clin Pharma

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Context:Anxiety disorders are chronic, common, and often comorbid. There is an unmet need in its treatment. Aripiprazole and hydroxyzine are well-known therapeutic options used as monotherapy in clinics. They have different mechanisms and site of actions.Aim:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of aripiprazole and hydroxyzine in combination.Materials and Methods:Swiss albino mice (male) received treatment of 5% of Tween 80 in 0.9% saline (10 ml/kg; control group), “aripiprazole alone” (1 mg/kg), “hydroxyzine alone” (3 mg/kg), and aripiprazole (0.5 mg/kg) + hydroxyzine (1.5 mg/kg) through the intraperitoneal route.Results:The in vivo outcomes (elevated plus maze, light/dark transition, and marble burying tests) of hydroxyzine monotherapy-treated group showed a significant anxiolytic activity. The combination-treated group was found to be better than control and aripiprazole-treated groups. The combination-treated group showed a significant increase in the level of serotonin in different brain regions as compared to aripiprazole-treated group but not better than the hydroxyzine group. The in vitro results were in compliance with the in vivo results. The combinational approach was found to be beneficial in anxiolytic treatment as compared to aripiprazole monotherapy. However, hydroxyzine showed better anxiolytic activity when compared to control, aripiprazole monotherapy, and combination groups.Conclusions:The anxiolytic effect of combination-treated group was found to be better than aripiprazole monotherapy and lesser than hydroxyzine monotherapy.

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“…So, a number of behavioural tests were performed to evaluate the effects of PQ derivatives in mice , including the ‘head‐twitch’ test, ‘writhing’ and tail‐immersion tests, influence on body temperature, locomotor activity – spontaneous and amphetamine‐induced hyperactivity, motor coordination and PTZ‐induced convulsions, all of the tests are generally accepted as basic in central activity investigations; see the results below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological effects of primaquine ureas and semicarbazides on the central nervous system in mice and antimalarial activity in vitro

Kędzierska

Orzelska

Perković

et al. 2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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New primaquine (PQ) urea and semicarbazide derivatives 1-4 were screened for the first time for central nervous system (CNS) and antimalarial activity. Behavioural tests were performed on mice. In vitro cytotoxicity on L-6 cells and activity against erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum was determined. Compound 4 inhibited 'head-twitch' responses and decreased body temperature of mice, which suggests some involvement of the serotonergic system. Compound 4 protected mice against clonic seizures and was superior in the antimalarial test. A hybrid of two PQ urea 2 showed a strong antimalarial activity, confirming the previous findings of the high activity of bis(8-aminoquinolines) and other bisantimalarial drugs. All the compounds decreased the locomotor activity of mice, what suggests their weak depressive effects on the CNS, while PQ derivatives 1 and 2 increased amphetamine-induced hyperactivity. None of the compounds impaired coordination, what suggests a lack of their neurotoxicity. All the tested compounds presented an antinociceptive activity in the 'writhing' test. Compounds 3 and 4 were active in nociceptive tests, and those effects were reversed by naloxone. Compound 4 could be a useful lead compound in the development of CNS active agents and antimalarials, whereas compound 3 may be considered as the most promising lead for new antinociceptive agents.

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Psychotropic and Neurotropic Activity

Cited by 20 publications

References 2,834 publications

The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

Evaluation of anxiolytic effects of aripiprazole and hydroxyzine as a combination in mice

Pharmacological effects of primaquine ureas and semicarbazides on the central nervous system in mice and antimalarial activity in vitro

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