Psychrotolerant actinomycetes in soils of the tundra and northern taiga

Dubrova, M. S.; Lubsanova, D. A.; Makarova, E. P.; Kozhevin, P. A.; Manucharova, N. A.; Zenova, G. M.

doi:10.3103/s0147687411020037

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The number and biomass of prokaryotes in the studied soils of Murmansk were also 1.5–2 times higher than in other Arctic territories—Taimyr [ 71 ], Novaya Zemlya [ 69 ], and Franz Josef Land [ 72 , 73 ]. The length of actinomycete mycelium reached tens of meters, which is comparable to Apatity [ 65 ] and confirms the assumption that the proportion of this order of Gram-positive bacteria is relatively high for polar ecosystems [ 74 , 75 ]. Up to 55% of the prokaryotic cells in the studied soils of Murmansk were represented by small nanoforms, which is also typical for polar ecosystems [ 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Urbanization Affects Soil Microbiome Profile Distribution in the Russian Arctic Region

Korneykova

Vasenev

Никитин

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Urbanization in the Arctic results in considerable and still poorly known environmental consequences. The effect of urbanization on soil microbiome—an ecosystem component highly sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance—remains overlooked for the Arctic region. The research compared chemical and microbial properties of the natural Podzol soils and urban soils of Murmansk—the largest Arctic city. Particular attention was given to the profile distribution, which is almost completely ignored by most microbial studies. Soil microbiome was investigated by the quantitative indicators based on fluorescence microscopy (microbial biomass) and PCR real-time methods (amount of rRNA genes copies of archaea, bacteria, and fungi). The principal changes in urban soils’ properties compared to the natural references included a shift in pH and an increase in C and nutrients’ contents, especially remarkable for the subsoil. The numbers of rRNA genes copies of archaea, bacteria, and fungi in urban topsoils (106–1010, 109–1010, and 107–109, respectively) were lower than in Podzol; however, the opposite pattern was shown for the subsoil. Similarly, the total microbial biomass in urban topsoils (0.55–0.75 mg g−1) was lower compared to the 1.02 mg g−1 in Podzols, while urban subsoil microbial biomass was 2–2.5 times higher than in the natural conditions. Both for urban and natural soils and throughout the profiles, fungi were dominated by mycelium forms; however, the ratios of mycelium–spores were lower, and the amount of thin mycelium was higher in urban soils than in natural Podzols. Urbanization in the Arctic altered soil morphological and chemical properties and created a new niche for microbial development in urban subsoils; its contribution to biodiversity and nutrient cycling promises to become increasingly important under projected climate change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Urbanization Affects Soil Microbiome Profile Distribution in the Russian Arctic Region

Korneykova

Vasenev

Никитин

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Average biomass for the studied locations differed significantly (up to 3.8 times) ( Table 2 ), which may be due to the abundance of organic carbon in soil, as noted in other works [ 43 , 44 ]. The length of actinomycete mycelium in most of the studied samples was small (a few meters per gram of soil), although the proportion of a representative of this biological order of Gram-positive bacteria was relatively large for most polar ecosystems [ 45 , 46 ]. Therefore, we believe that actinobacteria in the studied samples are predominantly represented by unicellular forms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Soil Microbiome of Barents Sea Coast, Kola Peninsula

2021

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The soil microbiome of the Barents Sea coast of the Kola Peninsula is here characterized for the first time. The content of copies of ribosomal genes of archaea, bacteria, and fungi was determined by real-time PCR. Reserves and structure of biomass of soil microorganisms such as total biomass of fungi and prokaryotes, length and diameter of mycelium of fungi and actinomycetes, proportion of mycelium in biomass, number of spores and prokaryotic cells, proportion of small and large fungal propagules, and morphology of mycobiota spores were determined. The largest number of ribosomal gene copies was found for bacteria (from 6.47 × 109 to 3.02 × 1011 per g soil). The number of copies of ribosomal genes of fungi and archaea varied within 107–109 copies of genes/g soil. The biomass of microorganisms (prokaryotes and fungi in total) varied from 0.023 to 0.840 mg/g soil. The share of mycobiota in the microbial biomass ranged from 90% to 97%. The number of prokaryotes was not large and varied from 1.87 × 108 to 1.40 × 109 cells/g of soil, while the biomass of fungi was very significant and varied from 0.021 to 0.715 mg/g of soil. The length of actinomycete mycelium was small—from 0.77 to 88.18 m/g of soil, as was the length of fungal hyphae—an order of magnitude higher (up to 504.22 m/g of soil). The proportion of fungal mycelium, an active component of fungal biomass, varied from 25% to 89%. Most (from 65% to 100%) of mycobiota propagules were represented by specimens of small sizes, 2–3 microns. Thus, it is shown that, despite the extreme position on the mainland land of Fennoscandia, local soils had a significant number of microorganisms, on which the productivity of ecosystems largely depends.

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“…However, in anthropogenically disturbed (RY11) and cryogenic (RY10) soils, the proportion of actinomycete mycelium reached high values (17.2 and 10.6 %, respectively). The length of the actinomycete mycelium in most samples was low, but this group of microorganisms accounts for most of the number in polar ecosystems [ 42 , 43 ], ranging from 1.47 to 66.32 m/g of soil. The mycelium length of actinomycetes was shorter than in the soils of the cities Murmansk [ 31 ] and Apatity [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of Microbial Communities and Biological Activity in Tundra Soils of the Euro-Arctic Region (Rybachy Peninsula, Russia)

et al. 2023

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The relevance of the Arctic regions’ study is rapidly increasing due to the sensitive response of fragile ecosystems to climate change and anthropogenic pressure. The microbiome is an important component that determines the soils’ functioning and an indicator of changes occurring in ecosystems. Rybachy Peninsula is the northernmost part of the continental European Russia and is almost completely surrounded by Barents Sea water. For the first time, the microbial communities of the Entic Podzol, Albic Podzol, Rheic Histosol and Folic Histosol as well as anthropogenically disturbed soils (chemical pollution and human impact, growing crops) on the Rybachy Peninsula were characterized using plating and fluorescence microscopy methods, in parallel with the enzymatic activity of soils. The amount and structure of soil microbial biomass, such as the total biomass of fungi and prokaryote, the length and diameter of fungal and actinomycete mycelium, the proportion of spores and mycelium in the fungal biomass, the number of spores and prokaryotic cells, the proportion of small and large fungal spores and their morphology were determined. In the soils of the peninsula, the fungal biomass varied from 0.121 to 0.669 mg/g soil. The biomass of prokaryotes in soils ranged from 9.22 to 55.45 μg/g of soil. Fungi predominated, the proportion of which in the total microbial biomass varied from 78.5 to 97.7%. The number of culturable microfungi ranged from 0.53 to 13.93 × 103 CFU/g in the topsoil horizons, with a maximum in Entic Podzol and Albic Podzol soils and a minimum in anthropogenically disturbed soil. The number of culturable copiotrophic bacteria varied from 41.8 × 103 cells/g in a cryogenic spot to 5551.3 × 103 cells /g in anthropogenically disturbed soils. The number of culturable oligotrophic bacteria ranged from 77.9 to 12,059.6 × 103 cells/g. Changes in natural soils because of anthropogenic impact and a change in vegetation types have led to a change in the structure of the community of soil microorganisms. Investigated tundra soils had high enzymatic activity in native and anthropogenic conditions. The β-glucosidase and urease activity were comparable or even higher than in the soils of more southern natural zone, and the activity of dehydrogenase was 2–5 times lower. Thus, despite the subarctic climatic conditions, local soils have a significant biological activity upon which the productivity of ecosystems largely depends. The soils of the Rybachy Peninsula have a powerful enzyme pool due to the high adaptive potential of soil microorganisms to the extreme conditions of the Arctic, which allows them to perform their functions even under conditions of anthropogenic interference.

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Psychrotolerant actinomycetes in soils of the tundra and northern taiga

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Urbanization Affects Soil Microbiome Profile Distribution in the Russian Arctic Region

Urbanization Affects Soil Microbiome Profile Distribution in the Russian Arctic Region

Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Soil Microbiome of Barents Sea Coast, Kola Peninsula

Structure of Microbial Communities and Biological Activity in Tundra Soils of the Euro-Arctic Region (Rybachy Peninsula, Russia)

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