Pt-Al-Cr-Ni superalloys: Heat treatment and microstructure

Vorberg, Stefan; Wenderoth, Markus; Fischer, Bernd; Glatzel, Uwe; Völkl, Rainer

doi:10.1007/s11837-004-0199-y

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The dendritic structures were converted to fine, homogeneous ' particles in the  matrix by solution heat treatment for 12 h at 1500°C and water quenching. Secondary precipitation of ' occurred despite rapid cooling, which agreed with previous work on other Pt-based alloys (Wolff & Hill, 2000;Vorberg et al, 2004). Precipitation of fine ' particles within the  matrix channels has also been seen in NBSA CMSX-10 after multi-step ageing heat treatment (Erickson, 1995), improving the lower temperature tensile and creep strengths.…”

Section: Variation Of the Cr ' Volume Fractionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Surprisingly, the melting temperature was increased by Ni additions. The work was not continued because of the disappointingly low hardness results (Glaner & Cornish, 2003), although other research has been more encouraging (Vorberg et al, 2004Hüller et al, 2005;Völkl, et al, 2005;Wenderoth et al, 2005Wenderoth et al, & 2006.…”

Section: Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the basis for their development programme on precipitation hardened Pt alloys was the ternary Pt-Al-X alloys being investigated in South Africa . The Pt 86 :Al 10 :Cr 4 composition, with good properties (Figure 3), was the foundation for further work Vorberg et al, 2004Vorberg et al, & 2005. Nickel was added to a Pt-Al-Cr alloy in varying amounts (Hüller et al, 2005) since nickel has a good solid-solution strengthening effect on the (Pt) matrix (Zhao et al, 2002), but also to decrease the Pt content, and thus the density and price of the Pt-based alloys.…”

Section: Developments At Fachhochschule Jena and The University Of Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, taking the favourable properties into account and even considering the high density, overall the Pt-based alloys have potential for application at high temperatures. The price is high, but in view of the high formability, it has been estimated that the price of a Pt-alloy based turbine would be twice that of a current Ni-based superalloy (Glatzel, 2004). Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Pgm-based Alloys With Other Targeted Matermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platinum-Based Alloys and Coatings: Materials for the Future?

Cornish¹,

Chown²

2011

Advances in Gas Turbine Technology

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Section: Variation Of the Cr ' Volume Fractionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developments At Fachhochschule Jena and The University Of Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of the Pgm-based Alloys With Other Targeted Matermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Platinum-Based Alloys and Coatings: Materials for the Future?

Cornish¹,

Chown²

2011

Advances in Gas Turbine Technology

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“…These differences were significant because they would affect the stabilities of the strengthening Pt 3 Al phases, as well as the amounts that could be produced. The German workers in the PDI collaboration (Fischer, 1992(Fischer, , 2001 Fischer et al 1997 Fischer et al 1999a Fischer et al , 1999bVölkl et al, 2000; Hüller et al, 2005;Rudnik et al, 2008;Vorberg et al, 2004Vorberg et al, , 2005Wenderoth et al, 2007) (Douglas et al, 2007) and showed some similarities to the modelled phase of Chauke et al (2010). The only difference was the purity of the raw materials: those of the Germans were much purer (Cornish and Chown, 2011).…”

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confidence: 95%

PGMs: A cornucopia of possible applications

Cornish¹

2017

J. South. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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South Africa has been mining PGMs for many years and has a vested interest in the usefulness of these metals, although originally, there was little thought about downstream beneficiation and some of the products were later purchased, in effect repurchasing the raw materials. However, for about 20 years, it has been realised that in order to build wealth sustainably, at least some of the beneficiation and development has to be done in South Africa. This is because for each stage of beneficiation, the value of the commodity increases and so to buy the PGMs back in a later state is uneconomical. Also, the industries need to be established here in South Africa, so that South Africans can work in them and become part of the workforce and generate their own wealth and sustainability for their families. This is part of the rationale of the AMI.In order to drive this, as well as a viable commercial strategy, with viable and wanted products, there has to be something different in the production mixture, for example, the product has to be better, new or cheaper. This is where research is used to try and develop new capabilities, or to improve them. PGMs, application, product development. PGMs: A cornucopia of possible applications and thermal conductivity of Pt are important (Fischer, 1992). Mechanically, Pt alloyed with rhodium or iridium combine high ductility with adequate creep strength and these properties give the alloys potential for applications in the chemical, space technology and glass industries (Fischer, 2001;Whalen, 1988; Lupton, 1990). In the spacecraft industry, PGMs are used to increase the heat resistance of rocket engine nozzles. A very important application is the manufacture of high-purity optical glasses and glass fibres by using platinum-containing tank furnaces, stirrers and feeders to withstand the high temperatures, mechanical loads and corrosive attack under the glass manufacturing and shaping conditions. In glasses, outstanding purity, homogeneity and the absence of bubble inclusions can be achieved only by using platinum alloys. If ceramic melting vessels were used, ceramic particles would be loosened by erosion, which would contaminate the glass melts and so compromise the desired optical properties such as transmittance. The alloys are expensive, but there are very few other materials that could replace platinum without risk of compromising the product. Thus, this is a valuable and safe use for platinum and some of its alloys. * DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong MaterialsAnother 'standard use' of PGMs is in thermocouples and this arises because of their high electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as stability due to their high corrosion resistance. Typical alloys are Pt-Rh and Pt-Ru. The thermocouples do eventually degrade in aggressive environments and become brittle, but usually without much impairment of the electrical and conductive properties.A long-standing use of PGMs is in catalysts and South Africa has established an autocatalyst manufacturing and refurbishment plant for...

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