Pt‐Ir‐Pd Trimetallic Nanocages as a Dual Catalyst for Efficient Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions in Acidic Media

Zhu, Jiawei; Xie, Minghao; Chen, Zitao; Lyu, Zhiheng; Chi, Miaofang; Jin, Wanqin; Xia, Younan

doi:10.1002/aenm.201904114

Cited by 116 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Table 2 presents a detailed overview of Pt-based NFs in DAFCs halfcell testing. The activity, durability and anti-poisoning ability of the Pt-based NFs can be improved in MOR, EOR and ORR due to the higher utilization of active sites, more open space structure, larger accessible surface, and multicomponent strain and synergistic effects [79][80][81][82] .…”

Section: Application Of Pt-based Nfs In Dafcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Application of Platinum-based Hollow Nanoframes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Huang¹,

Zaman²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Acta Physico Chimica Sinica

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Although platinum (Pt)-based catalysts are suffering from high costs and limited reserves, they are still irreplaceable in a short period of time in terms of catalytic performance. Structural optimization, composition regulation and carrier modification are the common strategies to improve the activity and stability of Pt-based catalyst. Strikingly, the morphological evolution of Pt-based electrocatalyst into nanoframes (NFs) have attracted wide attention to reduce the Pt consumption and improve the electrocatalytic activity simultaneously. Contrary to Pt-based solid nanocrystalline materials, Pt-based NFs have many advantages in higher atomic utilization, open space structure and larger specific surface area, which facilitate electron transfer, mass transport and weaken surface adsorption by more unsaturated coordination sites. Here we introduce the detailed preparation strategies of Pt-based NFs with different etching methods (oxidative etching, chemical etching, galvanic replacement and carbon monoxide etching), crystal structure evolution and formation mechanism, efficient applications for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). Based on the high-efficiency atom utilization, open space structure and diverse alloy composition, Pt-based NFs exhibit superior activity, stability and anti-poisoning than commercial counterparts in the application of DAFCs. The current challenges and future development of Pt-based NFs are prospected on the type of NFs materials, synthesis and etching methods, crystal control and catalytic performance. We propose a series of improvement mechanisms of Pt-based NFs, such as small size effect, high-energy facets, Pt-skin construction and Pt-C integration, thereby weakening the molecule absorption, increasing the Pt utilization, strengthening the intrinsic stability, and alleviating the metal dissolution and support corrosion. Additionally, the scale-up synthesis of catalytic materials, membrane electrodes assembly, and development of the start-stop system and the circulation system design are essential for the commercial application of Pt-based NFs and industrial manufacturing of DAFCs. More importantly, the reaction mechanism, active site distribution and dynamic changes in the catalytic material during the catalytic reaction are crucial to further explain the maintenance and evolution of catalytic performance, which will open a window to elucidate the improvement mechanism of the catalyst in the fuel cell reactions. This review work would promote continuous upgradations and understandings on Pt-based NFs in the future development of DAFCs.

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Section: Application Of Pt-based Nfs In Dafcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Application of Platinum-based Hollow Nanoframes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Huang¹,

Zaman²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Acta Physico Chimica Sinica

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“…The most classic method is alloying with other transition metals (M), usually accompanied by the regulation of surface or near‐surface atomic rearrangement, aiming to rationally tune the electronic structure, which can improve the electrocatalytic activity. [ 13–18 ] Another strategy is to manipulate the dimension and morphology of electrocatalysts, such as icosahedra, [ 19,20 ] nanowires, [ 21–24 ] nanobranches, [ 25,26 ] nanoframes, [ 27–29 ] nanoplates, [ 30–32 ] and nanosheets, [ 33–36 ] which can maximize the Pt‐ or Pd‐utilization and optimize the surface coordination structures. Among various Pd(Pt)‐M structures, 2D nanosheets with ultrathin features stand out due to their unique physicochemical properties, including high atomic utilization, active surface area and fast electron transfer, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Index Faceted PdPtCu Ultrathin Nanorings Enable Highly Active and Stable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis

Tian

Lin

et al. 2021

Small Methods

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Ultrathin nanosheet catalysts deliver great potential in catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but encounter the ceiling of the surface atomic utilizations, thus presenting a challenge associated with further boosting catalytic activity. Herein, a kind of PdPtCu ultrathin nanorings with increased numbers of electrocatalytically active sites is reported, with the purpose of breaking the activity ceiling of conventional catalysts. The as‐made PdPtCu nanorings possess abundant high‐index facets at the edge of both the exterior and interior surfaces. An ultrahigh electrochemical active surface area of 92.2 m2 g–1PGM is achieved on this novel catalyst, much higher than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. The optimized Pd39Pt33Cu28/C shows a great enhanced ORR activity with a specific activity of 2.39 mA cm–2 and a mass activity of 1.97 A mg–1PGM at 0.9 V (versus RHE), as well as superior durability within 30 000 cycles. Density function theory calculations reveal that the high‐index facets and alloying Cu atoms can optimize the oxygen adsorption energy, explaining the enhanced ORR activity. Overcoming a key technical barrier in sub‐nanometer electrocatalysts, this work successfully introduces the hollow structures into the ultrathin nanosheets, heralding the exciting prospects of high‐performance ORR catalysts in fuel cells.

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“…OER in acidic media is much faster than in neutral and alkaline ones due to the higher proton transfer rate between anode and cathode. [104][105][106][107] (2) The proton exchange membrane (PEM) is an acidic solid polymer electrolyte membrane with diversified advantages than that of the anion exchange membrane (AEM), including good proton conductivity, excellent electrochemical durability, and high mechanical strength. [108][109][110] Nevertheless, to date, the best-known electrocatalysts for OER in acidic solutions are still RuO 2 and IrO 2 , but their high cost and rarity greatly limited their commercial viability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Conditions: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

ChemSusChem

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for PEM-based devices. In this Review, based on the recent advances in theoretical calculation and in situ/operando characterization, the OER mechanism in acidic conditions is first discussed in detail. Subsequently, recent advances in the development of several types of acid-stable OER catalysts, including noble metals, non-noble metals, and even metal-free OER materials, are systematically summarized. Finally, the current key issues and future challenges for materials used as acidic OER catalysis are identified and potential future directions are proposed.

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Pt‐Ir‐Pd Trimetallic Nanocages as a Dual Catalyst for Efficient Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions in Acidic Media

Cited by 116 publications

References 43 publications

Synthesis and Application of Platinum-based Hollow Nanoframes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Synthesis and Application of Platinum-based Hollow Nanoframes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

High‐Index Faceted PdPtCu Ultrathin Nanorings Enable Highly Active and Stable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis

Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Conditions: Recent Progress and Perspectives

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