Pt-Ru Alloys Deposited by Sputtering as Catalysts for Methanol Oxidation

Jiang, Xirong; Prinz, Friedrich; Bent, Stacey F.

doi:10.1149/1.2981895

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…One approach is to replace or alloy platinum with other less-expensive materials. Previously, materials including ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, tin, nickel, zirconium, tungsten, iridium, tungsten oxide, and ruthenium oxide have been alloyed with platinum through various methods such as impregnation, colloidal methods, microemulsion, and sputtering, with some reports showing superior activity or stability of these alloys, compared to pure platinum. ,,− The originality of the work presented here involves a novel approachnamely, atomic layer deposition (ALD)for fabricating Pt−Ru catalysts where the composition of the Pt−Ru catalyst is controlled by changing the ratio of the number of Pt ALD cycles to the number of Ru ALD cycles. Because of the self-limiting reaction mechanism of ALD, , we are able to achieve precise control of the platinum and ruthenium loading levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Co-Deposited Pt−Ru Binary and Pt Skin Catalysts for Concentrated Methanol Oxidation

et al. 2010

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In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach;atomic layer deposition (ALD);for the synthesis and investigation of Pt-Ru catalyst structures toward the oxidation of stoichiometric (1:1) methanol solutions in advanced direct methanol fuel cells. Two types of thin-film materials are investigated as catalysts for methanol oxidation: Pt-Ru films of varying ruthenium content that are co-deposited by ALD, and Pt skin catalysts made by depositing porous platinum layers of different thickness by ALD on sputtered ruthenium films. MeCpPtMe 3 and Ru(Cp) 2 are used as precursors for Pt and Ru ALD, respectively, together with pure O 2 as the counter reactant. The electrochemical behavior of the co-deposited Pt-Ru catalysts and the Pt skin catalysts for methanol oxidation is characterized using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry in a 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 /16.6 M CH 3 OH electrolyte at room temperature. The results illustrate that the optimal stoichiometric Pt:Ru ratio for the co-deposited catalysts is ∼1:1, which is consistent with our previous study on sputtered Pt-Ru catalysts using the same CH 3 OH concentration. Moreover, we report that the catalytic activity of sputtered ruthenium catalysts toward methanol oxidation is strongly enhanced by the ALD Pt overlayer, with such skin catalysts displaying superior catalytic activity over pure platinum. The mechanistic aspects of our observations are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Co-Deposited Pt−Ru Binary and Pt Skin Catalysts for Concentrated Methanol Oxidation

et al. 2010

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“…A similar result was reported by Cooper and McGinn, who observed a peak in methanol oxidation rate at a Pt:Ru composition of 90:10. An effect of methanol concentration on the optimum Pt–Ru composition was reported by Jiang et al They deposited Pt–Ru catalysts of well-controlled Ru content over a wide range of compositions by radio frequency magnetron cosputtering. The optimal Pt:Ru compositions of the catalysts at room temperature in 1 and 16.6 M CH 3 OH solutions were 76:24 and 54:46, respectively.…”

Section: Screening Of Mor Electrocatalysts By Combinatorial Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A quaternary catalyst (Pt 44 Ru 41 Os 10 Ir 5 ) was identified with significantly higher activity than the state-of-the-art binary Pt–Ru catalysts. More generally, combinatorial screening of several different ternary/quarternary catalysts, with the notable exception of Pt–Ru–Sn, provided compositions with higher MOR activity than that of Pt–Ru. − ,− …”

Section: Screening Of Mor Electrocatalysts By Combinatorial Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From combinatorial screening of different ternary/quaternary Pt–Ru–M/Pt–Ru–M–M′ catalysts (Table ), − the frequencies of Pt, Ru, and other transition metals in optimal formulations are shown in Figure A. Ruthenium and M T are most often each found in the 20–40 at % range with Pt making up the remainder (ranging from 20 to 60 at %) in optimized catalysts.…”

Section: Screening Of Mor Electrocatalysts By Combinatorial Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In M T /(A + M T ), A stands for Pt or Ru. All the frequencies have been obtained by optimum compositions from literature data. − …”

Section: Screening Of Mor Electrocatalysts By Combinatorial Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening represent an innovative and rapid tool to prepare and evaluate a large number of new materials, saving time and expense for research and development. Considering that the activity and selectivity of catalysts depend on complex kinetic phenomena, making their development largely empirical in practice, they are prime candidates for combinatorial discovery and optimization. This review presents an overview of recent results of combinatorial screening of low-temperature fuel cell electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. Optimum catalyst compositions obtained by combinatorial screening were compared with those of bulk catalysts, and the effect of the library geometry on the screening of catalyst composition is highlighted.

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Pt-Ru Alloys Deposited by Sputtering as Catalysts for Methanol Oxidation

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Co-Deposited Pt−Ru Binary and Pt Skin Catalysts for Concentrated Methanol Oxidation

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Co-Deposited Pt−Ru Binary and Pt Skin Catalysts for Concentrated Methanol Oxidation

Evaluation of the Optimum Composition of Low-Temperature Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation by Combinatorial Screening

Study on Rubber Composite Armor Anti‐Shaped Charge Jet Penetration

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