Pt–Ru electrocatalysts supported on ordered mesoporous carbon for direct methanol fuel cell

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Carbon Support to Synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

“…This produces the metal poisoning and decreases the anode performance. On the other hand, Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) are envisaged for low-weight portable applications such as laptops, cellular phones, sensors, and medical devices, in which the methanol fuel can be easily managed and recharged [4][5][6][7][8]. In this case, the anodic oxidation of methanol produces CO-type intermediates, which also lead to the Pt metal poisoning.…”

“…The amount of Pt used could also be decreased in this form, because it is expensive and has a limited abundance in the Earth [3,7,8,11,[16][17][18]. In this way, Pt-Ru and Pt alloy nanoparticles containing Au, Ni, Cu, Co, Pd, and/or other transition metals have been tested on different carbon substrates as anodic catalysts [1,2,6,[9][10][11]13,16,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

The effect of Nafion content in a graphitized carbon nanofiber-based anode for the direct methanol fuel cell

“…Due to their appealing properties in this regard, many alternative carbon nanostructures have been explored to replace the carbon black usually employed as the catalyst support [3]: single-walled [4][5] and multi-walled [6][7] [8] carbon nanotubes, graphitized carbon nanofibers [9], fullerenes [10] [11], carbon nanohorns [12] and mesoporous carbon [13] [14].…”

Bimetallic PtRu Nanoparticles Supported on Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High Performance Electrocatalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

“…Subsequently, carbonbased materials including carbon black, porous carbon, carbon nanotube and graphene have been used as the catalyst supports to enhance the distribution of nanoparticles and conductivity, which is very crucial for the mass transport and electrochemical methanol oxidation reaction. [12][13][14][15] However, although over-potential and stability of the reported catalysts for methanol oxidation are improved, the performance of current anode catalysts still cannot compete with the desirable standard of the practical DMFCs, which is attributed to lack of elaborate design for electrocatalytic materials. For instance, to promote the distribution of nanoparticles on the supports, some additional stabilizers such as polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) are introduced on the surface of the supports.…”