PTB7:PC$_{\text{71}}$BM-Based Solar Cells Fabricated With the Eutectic Alloy Field's Metal as an Alternative Cathode and the Influence of an Electron Extraction Layer

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC71BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

“…The fitted lines show good agreement with the measured data. The current IS data are in agreement with previously reported IS data of OPVs based on low band-gap polymers [34,60]. It is possible to get information about the recombination ( R rec ) and series resistance ( R s ), from the IS curves at low and large frequencies, respectively [34,59–60].…”

“…Table 2 shows the equivalent circuit parameters ( R rec and R s ) derived from the fitted data for the PTB7:PC 71 BM and the PTB7:PC 71 BM:FeS 2 -based solar cells. These values are in good agreement with the values reported for the PTB7:PC 71 BM solar cells [34,60]. The R s data are similar for both devices, which might suggest that the possible fabrication defects in the stack architecture are comparable in both devices [34].…”

“…The FM is composed of 32.5% Bi, 51% In and 16.5% Sn and is characterized by a melting point of around 62 °C. It was deposited on the active layer/PFN by drop casting (or doctor blade) at low temperature (≈95 °C) and atmospheric conditions [30,32–34]. The performance of the OPVs depends on the misalignment of the energy levels of each component, as well as on the organic compounds and the architecture used, on the type of solvents, the deposition technique of the active layer, the annealing conditions and the thickness and morphology of the devices [32,35].…”

Interfacial Energetic Level Mapping and Nano-Ordering of Small Molecule/Fullerene Organic Solar Cells by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

“…It is well known that the donor HOMO and acceptor LUMO difference The efficiency improvement under TA + SVA combination is mainly due to the higher current output (FF also increases particularly under the TA treatment): It could be attributed to two facts: due to an increased absorption of photons inside the photoactive layer when TA is provided (see Figure 6b), which could improve the charge collection [36]. Likewise, when implemented the SVA treatment, an optimized contact between the active layer and the ETL could lead to an enhancement in the parallel (shunt) resistance, limiting the electrical losses (Jsc leakage) [8,37]. Then, an overall better PV performance when the active layer is TA + SVA treated can be achieved.…”

Small Molecules Derived from Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD) and Their Use in Solution Processed Organic Solar Cells

“…Organic solar cells were fabricated under the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) approach with the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SM:PC71BM/PFN/FM architecture. FM = Field′s metal is an eutectic alloy (Bi/In/Sn: 32.5%, 51%, and 16.5%, respectively) with a melting point above 62 °C, which has been used in our research group as cathode for the fabrication of OSCs reaching power efficiencies about 2–3% based on P3HT and 7% based on PTB7 [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. OSCs based on TPA-TPD :PC71BM (1:4 D:A w / w ratio) presented high V OC values (~1 V) due to the low HOMO energy levels and a PCE as high as 2.6% with J SC = 7.9 mA/cm 2 and FF = 0.34.…”