PTSD: A problematic diagnostic category

McHugh, Paul R.; Treisman, Glenn J.

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.09.003

Cited by 162 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Also, Andersen, Andersen, and Andersen (2014) found that persons with comorbid chronic pain and PTSD had significantly poorer health, poorer sleep quality, more cognitive problems and lower social functioning compared to pain patients without PTSD. While PTSD diagnosis has sometimes been heavily criticized for lacking in validity and clinical utility (McHugh & Treisman, 2007; Rosen, Spitzer, & McHugh, 2008), this study indicated that the PTSD diagnosis is useful in indexing persons who have the most severe health problems after trauma exposure. However our study is inconclusive on whether trauma exposure is more strongly related to pain in persons with PTSD even if we found a tendency towards this conclusion in our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the relationship between trauma exposure and chronic pain

Siqveland

Ruud

Hauff

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are risk factors for chronic pain. Objective: This study investigated how exposure to intentional and non-intentional traumatic events and PTSD are related to pain severity and outcome of treatment in chronic pain patients. Methods: We assessed exposure to potentially traumatizing events, psychiatric diagnosis with structured clinical interview, and pain severity in 63 patients at a secondary multidisciplinary pain clinic at the beginning of treatment, and assessed level of pain at follow up. Exposure to potentially traumatizing events and PTSD were regressed on pain severity at the initial session and at follow up in a set of multiple regression analysis. Results: The participants reported exposure to an average of four potentially traumatizing events, and 32% had PTSD. Exposure to intentional traumatic events and PTSD were significantly associated with more severe pain, and PTSD significantly moderated the relationship between trauma exposure and pain (all p < .05). The treatment programme reduced pain moderately, an effect that was unrelated to trauma exposure and PTSD. Conclusions: Trauma exposure is related to chronic pain in the same pattern as to mental disorders, with intentional trauma being most strongly related to pain severity. PTSD moderated the relationship between trauma exposure and pain. While pain patients with PTSD initially report more pain, they responded equally to specialist pain treatment as persons without PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the relationship between trauma exposure and chronic pain

Siqveland

Ruud

Hauff

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…Individuals diagnosed as suffering from "shell shock" or "battle fatigue" were the focus of studies which aimed to discover the nature of these conditions and the most effective way to deal with them. It is beyond the scope of this review to consider in detail the (Jones and Wessely, 2007;McHugh and Treisman, 2007;Scott, 1990). This event became the catalyst for a major and contentious debate about this phenomenon and it represented a significant shift in the way western societies in particular viewed the experiences of traumatic stress.…”

Section: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) and The Growth Of Traumentioning

confidence: 99%

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

2006

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This thesis draws upon data gathered during research undertaken with a grant from the Resuscitation Council (UK). It explores the use of Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) by laypeople, which is known as Public Access Defibrillation (PAD). Whilst an abundance of research has been undertaken about this phenomenon, it has predominately been conducted using quantitative methods; however the data I am using was collected using a qualitative approach. During the research, fifty-three semi-structured interviews were carried out. Most of these were with laypeople who had been trained to use AEDs, and nine involved those who delivered the training. These interviews were conducted at sites typical of those where these devices have been introduced, such as railway stations and airports. The geographical area of these locations covered the East and West Midlands, South and West Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Essex. The aims of the research were quite broad and included exploring how to make training more realistic, how debriefing and support for those who had used an AED should be organised and how the interviewees perceived the technology inherent in the AED.This thesis reanalyses the data that was collected during that research and focuses on two themes. Firstly, some of the theories of technologies in transition are used to illustrate how AEDs were developed in a laboratory and progressed from that setting to become commonplace in public locations. The actor-network theory is adopted to argue that these technological devices exert an influence on the human actors in the networks that exist within society. Specifically, my analysis is informed by the work of Timmermans (1998; 1999; 1997) whose theories about external chest compressions I have developed and applied to AEDs. They suggest that these devices achieved universality, in part, through the influence of debates and medical protocols.One significant factor was that AEDs allowed for defibrillation to be redefined from a medical, to a first aid procedure. Eventually, using these devices was included in the protocols for first aid and this legitimised their use by laypeople. These theories are observable in the data through the interviewees" accounts of how they came to accept being trained to use AEDs. The experiences of those who had used an AED during a resuscitation attempt are provided and suggest that these are distressing and unpleasant events.Consequently, a key component of this thesis is a discussion of the necessity to provide psychological debriefing for those who have been involved in these incidents.The findings of this thesis suggest that laypeople who have used an AED usually have questions about the actions they took during the attempted resuscitation and need to address these with someone soon afterwards.

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“…Screening for PTSD thus serves an important purpose after disasters and evaluations of measures in appropriate contexts are needed. At the same time, there is no solid consensus about how to conceptualize the PTSD construct in terms of its symptom clusters and there are gaps in our knowledge about its longitudinal stability (Armour, Carragher, & Elhai, 2013;McHugh & Treisman, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Swedish posttraumatic stress measures after a disaster

Arnberg

Michel

Johannesson

2014

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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This study evaluated the properties of Swedish versions of self-report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with emphasis on the Impact of Event ScaleRevised (IES-R). Survey data from adult survivors 1, 3, and 6 years after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (n= 1,506) included the IES-R (from which the IES-6 was derived) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The PTSD Checklist (PCL) was included in one survey. A structured clinical interview was performed after 6 years (n = 142). Factor analyses of the IES-R and PCL indicated that a dysphoric-arousal model provided good fit invariant across assessments. Both measures were accurate in excluding PTSD while all measures provided poorer positive predictive values. The IES-R, but not the IES-6 and GHQ-12, evidenced stability across assessments. In conclusion, the Swedish IES-R and PCL are sound measures of chronic PTSD, and the findings illustrate important temporal aspects of PTSD assessment.

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PTSD: A problematic diagnostic category

Cited by 162 publications

References 19 publications

Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the relationship between trauma exposure and chronic pain

Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the relationship between trauma exposure and chronic pain

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

Properties of Swedish posttraumatic stress measures after a disaster

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