2016
DOI: 10.3402/ejpt.v7.31858
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PTSD: from neurobiology to pharmacological treatments

Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms of re-experience, avoidance, and hyperarousal that can arise immediately or many years after exposure to a traumatic event and injury. Although extensive research has been done over the past 30 years, the etiology of PTSD remains largely unknown. Several neurobiological systems have been implicated in the pathophysiology and vulnerability for developing PTSD; however, first-line pharmacotherapies are l… Show more

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Cited by 122 publications
(64 citation statements)
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“…Stress has been widely linked to abnormal BDNF homeostasis, which, in turn, plays a negative role in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, including PTSD (Kelmendi et al 2016) and depression (Karlovi et al 2013). Low BDNF levels are also proposed to be a biological marker of suicidal behavior in the general and in certain populations of psychiatric patients (Sher 2011).…”
Section: Ptsd and Bdnfmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Stress has been widely linked to abnormal BDNF homeostasis, which, in turn, plays a negative role in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, including PTSD (Kelmendi et al 2016) and depression (Karlovi et al 2013). Low BDNF levels are also proposed to be a biological marker of suicidal behavior in the general and in certain populations of psychiatric patients (Sher 2011).…”
Section: Ptsd and Bdnfmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a leading expert for over 30 years in numerous areas, clinical, basic, and translational studies of biological and molecular studies not only of PTSD, but also in substance abuse and schizophrenia, Dr. Krystal was introduced as a scientist who holds a unique and integrative perspective on issues in the field of PTSD. Dr. Krystal’s most recent accomplishments include novel pharmacological developments for PTSD (Kelmendi et al, 2016). Based on his tremendous breath of experience Dr. Krystal explained that he has changed his mind about the focus of treatment of PTSD.…”
Section: Professor Dr John Krystalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This raised the possibility that certain PTSD symptoms in patient subgroups were mediated by hypersensitive 5HT 2C receptors; downregulation of these receptors could potentially provide symptomatic relief . Analogously, since presynaptic α 2 receptors inhibit effl ux of noradrenaline, their dysregulation could contribute to excessive activation of postsynaptic α 1 receptors in other patient subsets (Kelmendi et al, 2016). This could explain the effi cacy of α 1 -adrenergic receptor antagonists against nightmares.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%