Pu(V) as the stable form of oxidized plutonium in natural waters

Orlandini, K.A.; Penrose, W.R.; Nelson, D.M.

doi:10.1016/0304-4203(86)90075-7

Cited by 91 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The volume was made up to 40 ml with water and concentrated NH 4 OH was added until the solution pH was greater than 9. Thereupon, Nd(OH) 3 was precipitated. The mixture was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded.…”

Section: Removal Of Excess Fluoride and Nd(oh) 3 Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…239 Pu(V) and 240 Pu(V) species were reduced using a combination of SO 3 redissolved in strong acid. The plutonium was chemically separated from the bulk by co-precipitation onto CaC 2 O 4 , and then further purified using a similar ion exchange procedure previously outlined for the NdF 3 /ICP-MS procedure.…”

Section: Alpha Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dissolved 239 + 240 Pu can exist in at least two valence states in seawater. In the Irish Sea dissolved 239 + 240 Pu has been reported to be predominantly (70%-90%) in the V-valent state [3,4], whereas 239 + 240 Pu associated with particulate material exists almost entirely (Ͼ 98%) in the IV-valent state [5]. It has also been suggested that Pu(V) can bind to particulate material and that the uptake of Pu(V) species involves the reduction to Pu(IV) at the particle-solution interface [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] and references therein). Popular preconcentration methods include co-precipitation of reduced Pu(III) and Pu(IV) species onto NdF 3 [10], Fe(OH) 3 [11], or CaC 2 O 4 [12]. The basic steps in these methods include: (i) filtration of samples at the time of collection (since plutonium is particle-reactive), (ii) adjustment of the oxidation state of plutonium to low valency states, since only Pu(III) and Pu(IV) undergo co-precipitation, (iii) formation of precipitate and co-precipitation of plutonium and the other transuranic species, and (iv) purification of concentrate by ion exchange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Determination of plutonium in seawater using co-precipitation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with ultrasonic nebulisation

Eroğlu

McLeod

Leonard

et al. 1998

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A flow injection-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (FI-ICP-MS) procedure, utilising ultrasonic nebulisation with membrane desolvation (USN/MD), has been developed for the determination of plutonium (Pu) in seawater at fg l −1 concentration levels. Seawater samples (1 l), after filtration, were subjected to co-precipitation with NdF 3 , followed by ion exchange to enrich Pu and to reject seawater matrix ions and co-existing uranium. The seawater concentrate (1.0 ml) was then analysed by FI-ICP-MS. The limit of detection for 239 Pu in seawater based on an enrichment factor of 1000 was 5 fg l ) and 0.051-0.196 pg l −1 (0.428-1.646 mBq l −1 ), respectively. ᭧

show abstract

Section: Removal Of Excess Fluoride and Nd(oh) 3 Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alpha Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determination of plutonium in seawater using co-precipitation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with ultrasonic nebulisation

Eroğlu

McLeod

Leonard

et al. 1998

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While oxidation states of Pu in seawater have been measured (e.g., Lovett, 1978, 1981;Orlandini, Penrose & Nelson, 1986;Choppin and Kobashi, 1990;Mitchell et al, 1991Mitchell et al, , 1995, its size fractionation and partitioning are less commonly studied. The lack of size partitioning data is primarily associated with its extremely low concentration (subfemtogram, or 510 À15 g/l) in seawater and even lower concentration in the fractionated samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation, Mobility and Fate of Actinides in the Groundwater at the Hanford Site

Buesseler¹,

Dai²,

Repeta³

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Actinides and Other Alpha‐Emitters, Determination of

Vintró

Mitchell

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To assay an actinide or other α‐emitter at the low concentrations encountered in many environmental samples necessitates chemical separation of the actinide of interest from the bulk matrix, purification by the elimination of other interferants, mounting onto a suitable substrate for counting, and quantification by radiometric, mass spectrometric or other means. In this contribution, the chain of analysis from sampling to counting is critically reviewed and many of the most important pitfalls and sources of error are highlighted. Specifically, the pretreatment, preconcentration, separation and purification steps required for the assay of thorium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium and curium in a wide range of environmental matrices are examined in detail. Emphasis is given to the need for appropriate radiochemical yield monitors and to the practical application of ion exchange, solvent extraction and extraction chromatography in the purification of these elements. This is complemented by a description of methods for the preparation of quality sources suitable for counting by α‐spectrometry, liquid scintillation α‐spectrometry and mass spectrometry. In addition, an overview is given of the operational principles and systems used in α‐radiometry and mass spectrometry, including a discussion of the practical limits of detection and quantitation achievable with these systems. Finally, the importance of traceability and good quality assurance in precision actinide assay is emphasized.

show abstract

Pu(V) as the stable form of oxidized plutonium in natural waters

Cited by 91 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of plutonium in seawater using co-precipitation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with ultrasonic nebulisation

Determination of plutonium in seawater using co-precipitation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with ultrasonic nebulisation

Speciation, Mobility and Fate of Actinides in the Groundwater at the Hanford Site

Actinides and Other Alpha‐Emitters, Determination of

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About