Pubertal timing and educational careers: a longitudinal study

Koivusilta, Leena; Rimpelä, Arja

doi:10.1080/03014460412331281719

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Whether this factor is relevant for the study presented herein is only speculative and needs to be investigated in more detail in future studies. It has been reported that delayed pubertal development in boys is associated with reduced ability to make appropriate educational decisions [24] which would, however, not explain our findings. The re-analysis of BMI, skinfold thickness and body fat adjusting for testicular volume and breast size was important because it demonstrated that increased body fat mass is associated with the level of education independently of pubertal stage.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Prevalence of Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure as well as Onset of Puberty in German School Children Attending Different Educational Tracks

Gelbrich¹,

Blüher²,

Reich³

et al. 2008

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background:Obesity and associated comorbidities are increasingly evident in adolescents. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between educational level and prevalence of obesity, comorbidities, and onset of puberty in German schoolchildren. Subjects and Methods: 1,488 children from Leipzig attending different types of schools (‘Hauptschule’ or ‘Realschule’, HR, vs. ‘Gymnasium’, GYM) were examined for indices of obesity, pubertal stage and blood pressure. Results: Subjects attending HR had markedly increased body fat compared to age- and gender-matched peers attending GYM. Higher BMIs seen in children attending HR were associated with an earlier onset of puberty. The differences in body fat mass persisted after adjustment for puberty. In addition, children attending HR had higher systolic blood pressure compared to their age- and gender matched peers. This effect vanished when adjusting for BMI. Conclusion:Educational level affects the risk to develop obesity and associated comorbidities already at school age. The strong relationship between the educational track attended and increased BMI as well as elevated blood pressure in schoolchildren implies that comprehensive prevention activities should start already in school age and should be implemented in all educational establishments to target the increasing epidemic of childhood obesity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Prevalence of Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure as well as Onset of Puberty in German School Children Attending Different Educational Tracks

Gelbrich¹,

Blüher²,

Reich³

et al. 2008

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…Girls who experience early maturation are more likely to obtain lower SES employment and transmit earlier ages of development to their daughters. Although research in this area is sparse, the inclusion of socioeconomic demographics into analyses seems to eliminate associations between early menarche and educational attainment (Koivusilta & Rimpela, 2004).…”

Section: Academic Achievementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental psychological outcomes associated with early pubertal timing in adolescent girls

Mendle

Turkheimer

Emery

2007

Developmental Review

402

338

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Though often discussed as though it were a discrete event, puberty comprises one segment of a larger developmental continuum and is notable for rapid transformation across a multitude of domains. Research suggests that an earlier rate of pubertal maturation in girls correlates with a number of detrimental outcomes compared with on-time or later maturation. The present review synthesizes the research on negative psychological sequelae of early pubertal timing in adolescent girls. Emphasis is on three theoretical perspectives by which precocious development is believed to affect the emergence of adverse outcomes: biological, psychosocial, and selection effects.

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“…To obtain an indicator of pubertal timing (biological pathway), boys were asked about their age at first ejaculation, while girls were asked about their age at menarche. Classification of pubertal timing as early, average and late followed the groupings used by Koivusilta and Rimpel€ a (2004). In boys, the categories were chosen to be at age 12 or earlier (early), at 13 or 14 (average), and at 15 or later or if not occurred by the time of enquiry (late).…”

Section: Pubertal Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, late maturation increased fracture risk (Zhu and Chan 2017) and psychopathology in boys in terms of higher rates of depressive symptoms and disruptive behaviours (Graber 2013;Zhu and Chan 2017). Aside from its health impact, recent evidence suggests that pubertal timing has cognitive effects which may be reflected in academic performance (Cavanagh et al 2007;Martin and Steinbeck 2017) and educational outcomes (Koivusilta and Rimpel€ a 2004;Koerselman and Pekkarinen 2017), influencing socioeconomic conditions in adulthood (Johnson et al 2011;Koerselman and Pekkarinen 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of puberty and reserve capacity in adolescence as pathways to educational level in adulthood—a longitudinal study

Acacio-Claro

Koivusilta

Doku

et al. 2019

Annals of Human Biology

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Background: Family socioeconomic status (SES) is related to a child's educational success. Intermediate pathways for this relationship, such as through pubertal timing and reserve capacity, occur in adolescence. Aim: To study whether family SES affects a child's adult education through a psychosocial and behavioural pathway (reserve capacity) and/or a biological pathway (pubertal timing) or only through school achievement in adolescence. Subjects and methods: Finnish adolescents sampled in five cross-sectional surveys from 1985 to 1995 (n ¼ 37,876) were followed through the Registry of Completed Education and Degrees until 2009, when they were 29-43 years old. Family SES data also came from this registry. Structural equation modelling adjusted for ages at baseline and follow-up was used. Results: Low family SES increased the probability of low adult education, delayed pubertal timing (in boys), weak reserve capacity and low school achievement. Reserve capacity and school achievement directly affected adult education and mediated the relationship of family SES with the outcome. Delayed pubertal timing predicted low adult education, except when school achievement was added to the model. Conclusions: The results show that family SES affects the child's adult education level through psychosocial and biobehavioural pathways, but the biological pathway is mediated by school achievement.

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Pubertal timing and educational careers: a longitudinal study

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Prevalence of Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure as well as Onset of Puberty in German School Children Attending Different Educational Tracks

Prevalence of Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure as well as Onset of Puberty in German School Children Attending Different Educational Tracks

Detrimental psychological outcomes associated with early pubertal timing in adolescent girls

Timing of puberty and reserve capacity in adolescence as pathways to educational level in adulthood—a longitudinal study

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