“…Sexual maturation of female mice can be either delayed by volatile substances obtained from the urine of females that are housed together (Novotny, Jemiolo, Harvey, Wiesler & Marchlewska-Koj, 1986), or accelerated by components of adult male urine (Vandenbergh, 1969;Vandenbergh, Whitsett & Lombardi, 1975). However, male pheromones are thought not to be volatile since they act through the accessory olfactory system (Kaneko et al 1980). A partial purification of the puberty-accelerating pheromone from male mouse urine has indicated that it could be bound to a protein or part of a protein (Vandenbergh et al 1975;Vandenbergh, Finlayson, Dobrogosz, Dills & Kost, 1976), but the active substance, probably a peptide, has never been characterized further.…”