Public Administration Challenges in the World of AI and Bots

Agarwal, Pankaj

doi:10.1111/puar.12979

Cited by 124 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…AI Process Automation Systems, Virtual Agents, Predictive Analytics and Data Visualization, Recommendation Systems, or Speech Analytics). All of them are fostering disruptive consequences in different industries and sectors and it is supposed to occur in the same way in the public sector (Agarwal, 2018).…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence and Algorithmic Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithmic transparency and bureaucratic discretion: The case of SALER early warning system

Criado

Valero

Villodre

2020

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The governance of public sector organizations has been challenged by the growing adoption and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and algorithms. Algorithmic transparency, conceptualized here using the dimensions of accessibility and explainability, fosters the appraisal of algorithms’ footprint in decisions of public agencies, and should include impacts on civil servants’ work. However, although discretion will not disappear, AI innovations might have a negative impact on how public employees support their decisions. This article is intended to answer the following research questions: RQ1. To what extent algorithms affect discretionary power of civil servants to make decisions?RQ2. How algorithmic transparency can impact discretionary power of civil servants? To do so, we analyze SALER, a case based on a set of algorithms focused on the prevention of irregularities in the Valencian regional administration (GVA), Spain, using a qualitative methodology supported on semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Among the results of the study, our empirical work suggests the existence of a series of factors that might be linked to the positive impacts of algorithms on the work and discretionary power of civil servants. Also, we identify different pathways for achieving algorithmic transparency, such as the involvement of civil servants in active development, or auditing processes being recognized by law, among others.

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Section: Artificial Intelligence and Algorithmic Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithmic transparency and bureaucratic discretion: The case of SALER early warning system

Criado

Valero

Villodre

2020

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“…Recently, several essential review articles have discussed the potentials, threats, and implications of AI [15,16] and crowdsourcing [4,5,17]. For instance, Agarwal [15] notes that "the pace of change outside our public policy institutions is faster than the pace of change within." He also discusses the impacts of AI on public services and administration in terms of key areas, including electronic government services, jobs, economies, social safety nets, revenue shortfalls, consumer protection, and privacy.…”

Section: Relevant Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He also discusses the impacts of AI on public services and administration in terms of key areas, including electronic government services, jobs, economies, social safety nets, revenue shortfalls, consumer protection, and privacy. He strongly advocates that core public agencies need to reveal "the unreviewed or unvalidated use of pretrained models, AI systems licensed from third-party vendors, and algorithmic processes created in-house" according to the AI Now Institute (p920, [15]).…”

Section: Relevant Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Decision Making

Liu

Tang

Chen

2020

The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research

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The recent breakthrough of artificial intelligence, as well as the wide adoption of the wisdom of the crowd, also known as collective intelligence, across sectors, has received attention and excitement across disciplines. In addition to the scientific breakthrough, recent public sector studies recognize AI's potential contributions in public services, such as big data for decision making, the development of smart cities, and social and health care. Studies have also recognized crowdsourcing's potential for service provisions, innovation, information generation, and policymaking. However, we have only a limited understanding of the connections between these two types of intelligence and adoption conditions to properly utilize them for the public sector. To understand what roles AI and crowds can play in enhancing public services and policymaking, we adopt a bibliometric analysis to identify emerging themes and interconnections between these two streams of literature. Our study provides key themes and significance for each cluster. Our first examination of AI and crowd literature regarding connection to public values, complementary in public decision making, as well as future potential for joint adoption by governments provides some implications for future considerations. CCS CONCEPTS • Computing/technology policy; • Cross-computing tools and techniques; • Semantics and reasoning;

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“…PAR is leading the way on this subject, evidenced by a recent viewpoint piece, in which Agarwal () discussed the effects of artificial intelligence and machine learning on the U.S. workforce. The author sees a need for safety nets to absorb the unemployment that is likely to occur from artificial intelligence; as it increases in sophistication, it is likely to take over menial and low‐end knowledge work.…”

Section: Work Remains To Be Donementioning

confidence: 99%