Public beliefs about the accuracy and importance of forensic evidence in the United States

Kaplan, Jacob; Ling, Shichun; Cuellar, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.scijus.2020.01.001

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, laboratories have independent interpretation guidelines, and these organizational guidelines affect the interpretation of complex DNA mixtures (Alexander, 2014;Dror & Hampikian, 2011). Procedural and operational misconduct can therefore occur in all phases, during the collection, assessment, and interpretation of physical evidence (e.g., Kaplan et al, 2020;Rebeiro et al, 2019). In addition, human errors can bias people's judgments even regarding CCTV evidence (e.g., overestimation, discrimination, and lack of awareness of actual accuracy; Granot et al, 2018).…”

Section: Evidence and Human Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be useful to examine this definition more closely. In the literature, many researchers have used the reliability of evidence as either an independent or dependent variable (Ask & Granhag, 2007;Ask et al, 2011;Golding et al, 2000;Kaplan et al, 2020;Lieberman et al, 2008;Maeder et al, 2017;Martire et al, 2019;Ribeiro et al, 2019;Schklar & Diamond, 1999). I observed that previous studies had adopted diverse definitions of evidence reliability (e.g., credibility, error rate, and accuracy).…”

Section: Evidence Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Evidence Type on Police Investigators’ Perceptions of Suspect Culpability and Evidence Reliability

Minhwan

Luke

Granhag

et al. 2020

Zeitschrift für Psychologie

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Abstract. In a repeated-measures experimental study, we examined how evidence type influences police investigators’ beliefs about (a) suspect’s culpability and (b) reliability of incriminating evidence. South Korean detectives ( N = 202) read four crime reports including general information about a crime and a suspect. In the general case information, one piece of critical and several pieces of noncritical evidence collected during the investigation were presented. Officers read four simulated reports of crimes, and in each report, they were given one piece of evidence linking the suspect to the crime. We manipulated the critical evidence identifying the suspect with four evidence types: CCTV, DNA, fingerprint, and eyewitness testimony. We found that evidence type influenced detectives’ judgments about suspect’s culpability and evidence reliability, such that when eyewitness (vs. CCTV, DNA, fingerprint) evidence was given as critical evidence, officers were more likely to think that the suspect was less culpable and that the evidence was less reliable. Theoretical and legal implications of these results are discussed.

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Section: Evidence and Human Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Evidence Type on Police Investigators’ Perceptions of Suspect Culpability and Evidence Reliability

Minhwan

Luke

Granhag

et al. 2020

Zeitschrift für Psychologie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Evidence is used to aid in the solving of a case, to develop leads, provide or eliminate suspects, establish a connection to the suspect, establish matches such as tool marks, residue etc., substantiate a theory of the case and establish the device designer's "signature" [1,2]. The post-blast residue analysis gives information on the origin of the explosives used in the preparation of a bomb and gives law enforcement a specific direction for investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Analysis of Post-blast Residue using the Double Hyphenated UHPLC-(HESI)-MS/MS Technique

Samal

Patra²,

Shiney

2021

AJFSFM

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The thriving terror activity is a menace to our society. To mitigate this, there is a dire need of upgraded and innovative analytical techniques for forensic analysis of explosives. The complexity in the matrix, restrictions in the sample quantity and ambiguity in the data interpretation are the different challenges that a forensic scientist face. The solution to these problems lies in upgradation of extraction technique, screening technique & confirmatory techniques. In this paper, the identification and forensic analysis of post blast residues recovered from controlled blast site has been presented. The targeted sample was extracted from soil by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction technique. The target compound was primarily identified to be PETN (PentaErythritol TetraNitrate) by color test and TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The confirmatory test for the target analyte was done by using a hyphenated technique LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer with tandem Mass). This manuscript demonstrates the viability of LC-MS/MS in Forensic Science for a fast, accurate and quality-assured analysis of post-blast residue.

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“…Sometimes as professionals or public perception, others related to forensic techniques used. [4][5][6][7] Most of the studies did not comprise the pharmacist. Moreover, the authors are not familiar with any investigation about pharmacists' perception of forensic pharmacy in Saudi Arabia, Gulf and Middle East countries, or the rest of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacist’s Perception of Forensic Pharmacy Services

Alomi¹,

Qassadi²,

Aqeeli³

et al. 2021

IJPCS

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Goal: To illuminate the pharmacist perception of forensic pharmacy in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is cross-sectional of convenient sampling and planned number of the subject with power eighty. An electronic survey was dispersed to the pharmacist and pharmacy intern, excluding pharmacy students and other healthcare professionals. The survey entailed of demographic data, pharmacist's perception of forensic pharmacy, and barriers preventing implementation of forensic pharmacy. Survey monkey, Microsoft Excel, and Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) were used in this study. Results: The total number of responding pharmacists was 402. Of those, 198 (49.75%) were male, while 200 (50.25%) were female, with statistical significance between them (p<0.001). Almost three-quarters of the pharmacists had bachelor's degrees 303 (75.56%), with statistically momentous among all pharmaceutical degrees (p<0.001). The total average scores of pharmacist perception of forensic pharmacy services were (3.93). The high scores element was under-working in forensic pharmacy in the healthcare institutions (4.15). On the contrary, the lowest score medical staff feel like their mistakes are held against them when an event is stated (3.35). The total average scores of barriers prevent the implementation of forensic pharmacy services were (3.41) with high scores element was lack of periodic training of pharmacy staff about forensic pharmacy (4.13). At the same time, the lowest score aspect of forensic pharmacy was the pharmacist shred in forensic sciences is too trivial to work (1.88). The most suggestions for facilitating forensic pharmacy implementation were implementing an electronic forensic pharmacy 306 (77.86%) and raise the number of forensic pharmacist staff by 319 (81.17%). Conclusion: The pharmacist had a positive insight of forensic pharmacy. However, various barriers are requisite to eliminate to start the implementation of forensic pharmacy services. Therefore, education and training are indispensable elements for establishing forensic pharmacy services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Public beliefs about the accuracy and importance of forensic evidence in the United States

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

The Impact of Evidence Type on Police Investigators’ Perceptions of Suspect Culpability and Evidence Reliability

The Impact of Evidence Type on Police Investigators’ Perceptions of Suspect Culpability and Evidence Reliability

Qualitative Analysis of Post-blast Residue using the Double Hyphenated UHPLC-(HESI)-MS/MS Technique

Pharmacist’s Perception of Forensic Pharmacy Services

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