Public Health, HIV Care and Prevention, Human Rights and Democracy at a Crossroad in Brazil

Montenegro, Luiz; Velasque, Luciane de Souza; LeGrand, Sara; Whetten, Kathryn; Rafael, Ricardo de Mattos Russo; Malta, Mônica

doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02470-3

Cited by 71 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This virus is currently the cause of a global pandemic, producing hundreds of thousands of hospital admissions and deaths, with enormous effects on the health and life of the population and serious economic consequences for society. On 1 st February, 2020, the first case of a SARS-CoV-2 positive patient in Spain was reported on the island of La Gomera [3] and, following that, the first cases diagnosed in the autonomous region of Catalonia date from 5 th March [4]. The incubation period for SARS-CoV-2 ranges from 5 to 6 days on average, with cases being possible from 0 to 14 days [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain

et al. 2020

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Spain is one of the countries that has suffered the most from the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the strain that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is a lack of information on the characteristics of this disease in the Spanish population. The objective of this study has been to characterize our patients from an epidemiological point of view and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in our geographical area. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study on 188 hospitalized cases of SARS-Cov-2 infection in Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, in Reus, Spain, admitted between 15 th March 2020 and 30 th April 2020. We recorded demographic data, signs and symptoms and comorbidities. We also calculated the Charlson and McCabe indices. A total of 43 deaths occurred during the study period. Deceased patients were older than the survivors (77.7 ± 13.1 vs. 62.8 ± 18.4 years; p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, diabetes mellitus and cancer were the variables that showed independent and statistically significant associations with mortality. The Charlson index was more efficient than the McCabe index in discriminating between deceased and survivors. This is one of the first studies to describe the factors associated with mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain, and one of the few in the Mediterranean area. We identified the main factors independently associated with mortality in our population. Further studies are needed to complete and confirm our findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain

et al. 2020

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“…A nomeação da pastora evangélica Damares Alves para o Ministério das Mulheres, da Família e dos Direitos Humanos representou um retrocesso para os direitos da população LGBT, para a população indígena e para as pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids. O novo ministério se recusou a adicionar a população LGBT como um grupo protegido pelo seu governo, declarando que políticas de diversidade ameaçam a família brasileira (Montenegro et al, 2019). O novo projeto de governo promove agenda conservadora que pretende proibir o debate acerca das temáticas de sexualidade, gênero e diversidade em escolas, incentivando que essas discussões se restrinjam ao ambiente doméstico, como ressaltam Montenegro et al (2019).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O novo ministério se recusou a adicionar a população LGBT como um grupo protegido pelo seu governo, declarando que políticas de diversidade ameaçam a família brasileira (Montenegro et al, 2019). O novo projeto de governo promove agenda conservadora que pretende proibir o debate acerca das temáticas de sexualidade, gênero e diversidade em escolas, incentivando que essas discussões se restrinjam ao ambiente doméstico, como ressaltam Montenegro et al (2019). Tal posicionamento do governo, de invisibilização e impedimento dos debates acerca da diversidade sexual, afeta a responsabilidade do Estado em promover políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para a população LGBT.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

O Direito à Saúde da População LGBT: Desafios Contemporâneos no Contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Melo

Amorim

Garcia

et al. 2020

PSSA

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O direito à saúde da população LGBT brasileira recebeu maior atenção a partir de 2004. Entretanto a efetivação dessas políticas de Estado se encontra prejudicada, como apontam estudos desenvolvidos na segunda década do século XXI. Esta revisão de literatura entra nesse escopo de pesquisas, partindo do artigo “Homossexualidade e o direito à saúde: um desafio para as políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil”, para avaliar o desenvolvimento das políticas públicas em saúde voltadas para a população LGBT brasileira entre 2013 e 2019. As pesquisas por artigos deram-se nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde − Psicologia Brasil (BVS-Psi), SciELO e PsycINFO. Seis dos 81 artigos encontrados preenchiam os critérios de inclusão. Questionou-se como a socialização dos agentes de saúde em contextos LGBTfóbicos leva a práticas contrárias aos princípios das políticas nacionais voltadas para a proteção dos direitos à população LGBT. Propõe-se fortalecimento das ações educativas voltadas para dissolução de preconceitos.

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“…In January 2019, Brazil’s far-right president, Jair Bolsonaro, was sworn into office. Under Mr. Bolsonaro administration, an ultra-conservative agenda is being implemented, deeply decreasing the country progressive support towards diversity and human rights [59, 60]. The government authorized severe cuts in federal funding for education, health, research and social support strategies, directly affecting SGM people and other vulnerable minorities [42].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes this unevenness is perceived in the same country. Brazil, for instance, provides extensive legal protections to SGM, but has also one of the highest rates of SGM violence and murders worldwide [59, 60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and gender minorities rights in Latin America and the Caribbean: a multi-country evaluation

Malta

Cardoso

Montenegro

et al. 2019

BMC Int Health Hum Rights

Self Cite

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BackgroundAlthough the extent of legal inequities experienced by sexual and gender minorities (SGM) has declined during recent decades, this population still enjoys fewer legal protections and benefits than the non-gender-variant, heterosexual population. Herein we analyze the current scenario of SGM rights in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).MethodsPolicy documents and governmental strategies addressing SGM rights were analyzed within a timeline framework by three major LAC sub-regions: the Caribbean, Mesoamerica and South America.ResultsOur search identified 88 eligible documents addressing the following categories: (1) legal protections towards same-sex couples (decriminalization of same-sex acts among consenting adults, legal recognition of same-sex unions, same-sex marriage, adoption by same-sex couples), and (2) anti-discrimination laws (SGM allowed to serve openly in the military and anti-discrimination laws related to sexual orientation, gender identity and/or expression). The majority of Caribbean countries prohibit same-sex acts between consenting adults, while in Mesoamerica same-sex couples do not have equal marriage rights and are not allowed to adopt as a couple. In the Caribbean and Mesoamerica transgender people lack proper legal protection. Legislation to protect SGM rights in South America is the most inclusive and progressive in LAC. Several countries recognize same-sex marriage and the right of transgender people to legally change their name and gender. The majority of South American countries have some kind of anti-discrimination law, but no effective mechanisms to enforce these laws. In spite of those progresses, the LAC region registers the highest rate of violence and hate crimes against SGM in the world.ConclusionIn the Caribbean and Mesoamerica the overall discriminatory legislation exacerbates violence against SGM within a social and cultural context of strong sexist, gender stereotypes and widespread violence. This scenario is driving hundreds of SGM to leave their home countries. In spite of progressive legislations, several South American countries are currently controlled either by highly conservative leaders (e.g. Brazil and Chile) or by repressive dictators (Venezuela). The near future of the LAC region is unknown, but if such trends continue, severe human rights problems, including setbacks in SGM legal protections, are likely.

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Public Health, HIV Care and Prevention, Human Rights and Democracy at a Crossroad in Brazil

Cited by 71 publications

References 16 publications

Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain

Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain

O Direito à Saúde da População LGBT: Desafios Contemporâneos no Contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Sexual and gender minorities rights in Latin America and the Caribbean: a multi-country evaluation

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