Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis A Vaccination in the United States: A Disease Transmission Dynamic Modeling Approach

Dhankhar, Praveen; Nwankwo, Chizoba; Pillsbury, Matthew; Lauschke, Andreas; Goveia, Michelle G.; Acosta, Camilo J.; Elbasha, Elamin H.

doi:10.1016/j.jval.2015.02.004

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The impact of mass vaccination of susceptible children in communities at risk was verified in a number of demonstration projects in Alaska, in American Indians, in Puglia (Italy), Catalonia (Spain), Belarus and Australia, leading to an up to 97% decline in the reported HAV incidence. 75 The cumulative experience on immunogenicity and safety of inactivated HAV vaccines, as well as reported costeffectiveness of the intervention, 75,163,164 led to introduction of UMV in babies ≥12 months in several countries. HAV mainly occurs through viral shedding by infected toddlers, Israel was the first country to introduce UMV in 18-month-old babies in 1999, using a two i.m.…”

Section: Active Immunisation With Hepatitis a Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

Lemon

Ott

Damme

et al. 2018

Journal of Hepatology

238

251

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Although epidemic jaundice was well known to physicians of antiquity, it is only in recent years that medical science has begun to unravel the origins of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and the unique pathobiology underlying acute hepatitis A in humans. Improvements in sanitation and the successful development of highly efficacious vaccines have markedly reduced the worldwide prevalence and incidence of this enterically-transmitted infection over the past quarter century, yet the virus persists in vulnerable populations and remains a common cause of food-borne disease outbreaks in economically-advantaged societies. Reductions in the prevalence of HAV have led to increases in the median age at which infection occurs, often resulting in more severe disease in affected persons and paradoxical increases in disease burden in some developing nations. Here, we summarize recent advances in the molecular virology of HAV, an atypical member of the Picornaviridae family, survey what is known of the pathogenesis of hepatitis A in humans and the host-pathogen interactions that typify the infection, and review medical and public health aspects of immunisation and disease prevention.

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Section: Active Immunisation With Hepatitis a Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

Lemon

Ott

Damme

et al. 2018

Journal of Hepatology

238

251

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The global burden of HAV in 2013 was estimated to be 1.2 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), 198,000 years lived with disability (YLDs), and 1.0 million years of life lost (YLLs) [9]. In middle-income countries, routine vaccination of children is cost-effective, even cost saving in some instances [10], and can be a sound economic strategy even in low HAV endemic countries [11].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

Bravo

Mege

Vigne

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction: Hepatitis A, caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), is primarily transmitted via the fecal/oral route either through ingestion of contaminated food and water or through direct contact with an infectious person. Prevalence of hepatitis A is strongly correlated with socioeconomic factors, decreasing with increased socioeconomic development, access to clean water and sanitation. Vaccination against HAV should be part of a comprehensive plan for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis, either as part of regular childhood immunization programs or with other recommended vaccines for travelers. Areas covered: We present here evidence for the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated HAV pediatric vaccine (Avaxim® 80U Pediatric, Sanofi Pasteur), indicated for use in children aged 12 months to 15 years. Data evaluated are from trials undertaken during the clinical development of this vaccine, a systematic literature review and post-market pharmacovigilance. Expert opinion: The pediatric HAV vaccine is highly immunogenic and generates long-lasting protection against hepatitis A disease in children. The safety and immunogenicity data presented in this review suggest that the pediatric HAV vaccine is a valuable option in the prevention of HAV infection in children in many areas of the world where the disease remains a healthcare issue.

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“…The hepatitis A vaccines are highly effective in preventing hepatitis A in individuals and in reducing disease incidences in communities [ 24 ], with reductions of hepatitis A incidence of 90% or greater [ 25 ]. Routine hepatitis A vaccination of children in areas with high rates of hepatitis A since 1999 was a cost-effective strategy and dramatically reduced the burden of hepatitis A in the United States [ 26 , 27 ], Furthermore universal vaccination was cost saving compared with a regional vaccination policy in the United States [ 28 ], China [ 29 , 30 ], and Chile [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness and limitation of the national childhood hepatitis A vaccination program in the Republic of Korea: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2015

et al. 2017

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BackgroundVaccination for hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been implemented as one of the national vaccination programs despite the epidemiological transition of HAV in the Republic of Korea. While the national HAV vaccination program is largely associated with the shift of socioeconomic trend in the country, concerns have been raised on the effectiveness of the HAV immunization. The objective of this study was to examine the epidemiological trend of HAV and assess the effectiveness of the nationwide HAV vaccination policy based on a nationally representative sample of the Korean population collected in 2015.MethodsWe analyzed anti-HAV of 5,856 respondents aged ≥10 years collected from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data in 2015. We estimated age-adjusted anti-HAV prevalence by sociodemographic and other characteristics. We evaluated the factors associated with anti-HAV positivity among each age group (10–19, 20–29, 30–45 and over 45 years old).ResultsThe prevalence of anti-HAV among adults aged ≥10 years was 72.5% (95% confidence interval, CI, 73.7–71.4) in 2015. The lowest age-specific prevalence was among adults aged 20–29 years with 11.9% (95% CI 9.3–15.1%). The prevalence of anti-HAV among those aged 10–14 and 15–19 years was 59.7% (95% CI 52.7–66.4) and 24.0% (95% CI 19.5–29.3), respectively. The prevalence of anti-HAV among adults aged between 30 and 44 years rapidly increased from below 20% to above 90%. The prevalence of anti-HAV among adults aged ≥45 years was 97.8% (95% CI 96.0–97.6). Factors significantly associated with anti-HAV positivity among those aged 10–19 years old were young age, higher house income and high influenza vaccination rate. Compared to the respondents aged 10–19 years (those who were subject to the national childhood vaccine recommendation), those aged 20–29 years (those who were not subject to the recommendation) had low adjusted odds ratio (OR, 0.52 95% CI 0.34–.81 P-value = 0.004) for anti-HAV positivity.ConclusionsThe age-adjusted anti-HAV prevalence showed a U-shaped association, implying the high dependence of anti-HAV prevalence on age and the epidemiological shift. The inclusion of the hepatitis A vaccine into the national immunization recommendation was effective shown by the increase of immunity in the general population. However, the vaccination rate was low in the low-income group. Young adults aged 20–39 years may benefit from inclusion in the HAV vaccination program due to the significantly low vaccination rate.

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Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis A Vaccination in the United States: A Disease Transmission Dynamic Modeling Approach

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

The effectiveness and limitation of the national childhood hepatitis A vaccination program in the Republic of Korea: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2015

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