Public Health Interventions to Address Housing and Mental Health amongst Migrants from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds Living in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Crawford, Gemma; Connor, Elizabeth; McCausland, Kahlia; Reeves, Karina; Blackford, Krysten

doi:10.3390/ijerph192416946

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In these regions, the estimated per capita rate of homelessness is approximately 0.2%, equating to one in every 500 individuals [1]. Additionally, mobile populations such as people seeking refuge and migrants, who comprise about 3%-5% of the global populace, confront similar challenges [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness in the United States: A Cross-State Analysis

Heston

2023

Cureus

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Background: Homelessness persists as a critical global issue despite myriad interventions. This study analyzed state-level differences in homelessness rates across the United States to identify influential societal factors to help guide resource prioritization. Methods: Homelessness rates for 50 states and Washington, DC, were compared using the most recent data from 2020 to 2023. Twenty-five variables representing potential socioeconomic and health contributors were examined. The correlation between these variables and the homelessness rate was calculated. Decision trees and regression models were also utilized to identify the most significant factors contributing to homelessness.Results: Homelessness rates were strongly correlated with the cost of living index (COLI), housing costs, transportation costs, grocery costs, and the cigarette excise tax rate (all: P < 0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between opioid prescription rates and homelessness, with increased opioid prescribing associated with decreased homelessness (P < 0.001). Due to collinearity, the combined cost of living index was used for modeling instead of its individual components. Decision tree and regression models identified the cost of living index as the strongest contributor to homelessness, with unemployment, taxes, binge drinking rates, and opioid prescription rates emerging as important factors.Conclusion: This state-level analysis revealed the cost of living index as the primary driver of homelessness rates. Unemployment, poverty, and binge drinking were also contributing factors. An unexpected negative correlation was found between opioid prescription rates and homelessness. These findings can help guide resource allocation to address homelessness through targeted interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness in the United States: A Cross-State Analysis

Heston

2023

Cureus

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“…Scholars have also recommended that research on immigrant health needs to utilize more holistic research approaches so as to provide richer insight on social determinants and intersectionality in immigrant health (Viruell-Fuentes et al, 2012;Piacentini et al, 2019). This would contribute to the development of interventions that are tailored to the specific needs and cultural backgrounds of homeless immigrants (Crawford et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2019 ). This would contribute to the development of interventions that are tailored to the specific needs and cultural backgrounds of homeless immigrants (Crawford et al ., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for improving access to primary care services for homeless immigrants in England: a Delphi study

Namata,

Hatzidimitriadou

2023

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the most prioritized strategies in improving access to primary care services (PCS) for homeless immigrants. Background: The issue of improving access to PCS for homeless immigrants is a complex and multifaceted one, and yet there is limited research on the strategies aimed at improving these services. Hence, the need for more studies that directly engage homeless immigrants and service providers in understanding their barriers to accessing PCS and their preferences for improving access to these services. Methods: The study used a two round Delphi method to elicit the views of stakeholders. The Delphi process utilized a web-based questionnaire. The stakeholders included healthcare providers and voluntary sector providers. The first round had a total of 58 items belonging to 14 categories. The second round comprised a total of 25 items belonging to 12 categories which were preselected based on participants’ ranking of their importance in the first round. Participants were required to rank the relative importance of all the items on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analysed using the STATA-15 software package. Findings: A total of 12 stakeholders participated in both rounds of the Delphi survey. The top three strategies encompassed fighting against discrimination and prejudice, improving and promoting mental health services, and empowering homeless immigrants. These evidence-based strategies hold the potential to support the implementation of healthcare interventions aimed at improving access to PCS and healthcare outcomes for homeless immigrants. However, it is crucial to conduct further research that includes homeless immigrants in the Delphi study to gain insights into the strategies that are most important to them in enhancing access to PCS, as they are the primary target users. Such research will contribute to the development of comprehensive and effective interventions tailored to the specific needs of homeless.

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“…In these regions, the estimated per capita rate of homelessness is approximately 0.2%, equating to one in every 500 individuals (Henry et al, 2021). Additionally, mobile populations like people seeking refuge and migrants, who comprise about 3% to 5% of the global populace, confront similar challenges (Crawford et al, 2022). These alarming statistics emphasize the urgent need for efficacious and targeted measures to alleviate homelessness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness: A Cross-State Analysis

Heston

2023

Preprint

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Background: Homelessness persists as a critical global issue despite myriad interventions. This study analyzed state-level differences in homelessness rates across the United States to identify influential societal factors to help guide resource prioritization. Methods: Homelessness rates for 50 states and Washington D.C. were compared using the most recent data from 2020-2023. Twenty-five variables representing potential socioeconomic and health contributors were examined. Given non-normal distributions, nonparametric statistical techniques, including correlation and predictive modeling, identified significant factors. Results: The cost of living index, mainly influenced by housing, transportation, and grocery costs, showed the strongest positive correlation with homelessness rates (all p <0.001). Unemployment, alcohol binging, taxes, and poverty were also influential factors. Opioid prescription rates demonstrated an unexpected negative correlation. Random forest classification emphasized the cost of living index as the primary contributor, with housing costs presenting the largest influence. Conclusion: This state-level analysis revealed the cost of living index, predominantly driven by housing expenses, as the foremost factor associated with homelessness rates, greatly outweighing other variables. These findings can help inform resource allocation to mitigate homelessness through targeted interventions.

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Public Health Interventions to Address Housing and Mental Health amongst Migrants from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds Living in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness in the United States: A Cross-State Analysis

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness in the United States: A Cross-State Analysis

Strategies for improving access to primary care services for homeless immigrants in England: a Delphi study

The Cost of Living Index as a Primary Driver of Homelessness: A Cross-State Analysis

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