Public health interventions to control syphilis

Peterman, Thomas A.; Furness, Bruce W.

doi:10.1071/sh14156

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…free or low-cost screening tests), especially for asymptomatic persons; the proportion of cases with symptoms was high and those of lower SES without symptoms may have poor access to testing, potentially contributing to further transmissions. Therefore, we should promote prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, and education, 28,29 and reach a wide group of young women, including students (e.g. via collaboration with the education sector).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syphilis in heterosexual women: case characteristics and risk factors for recent syphilis infection in Tokyo, Japan, 2017–2018

et al. 2020

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In response to an increase in heterosexual syphilis notifications in Tokyo, we conducted a questionnaire-based case–control study among women aged ≥20 years and sexually active in the past six months who sought a syphilis test in Tokyo during 2017–2018. Cases were women diagnosed as recent syphilis infection based on serological tests. Controls were serologically non-reactive or those with only a past syphilis infection. We described cases and assessed for risk factors of recent syphilis using logistic regression. A total of 524 women (60 cases, 464 controls) were enrolled. Notably, among cases, 10 (16.7%) were students, 3 (5.0%) had a history of syphilis, and 14 (23.3%) had a single sex partner in the past six months. Female sex worker (FSW) status was strongly associated with syphilis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96–5.90). In multivariable analysis, recent syphilis was associated with inconsistent condom use for vaginal/anal sex among FSWs (adjusted OR [aOR] = 3.42; 95%CI = 0.92–12.70) and among non-FSWs, with younger age (aOR = 0.36; 95%CI = 0.19–0.70; increase per category from 20–24, 25–29 to ≥30 years) and ≤high school education (aOR = 5.24; 95%CI = 1.95–14.10). A notable proportion of cases were those with first time infection and those with only a single partner. Moreover, risk factors differed between FSWs and non-FSWs, and a multi-pronged approach to prevent syphilis is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syphilis in heterosexual women: case characteristics and risk factors for recent syphilis infection in Tokyo, Japan, 2017–2018

et al. 2020

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“…At the end of 2009, 5.25 million people in these settings were receiving ART, compared with 4 million at the end of 2008 (WHO 2010). Peterman and Furness (2015) report notable declines in syphilis in some parts of Africa and attribute these declines in part to syndromic treatment of genital ulcers and possibly the impact of AIDS mortality. Building on experience acquired during the syphilis resurgence among MSM in HICs, researchers have cautioned that an increase in STIs is possible in LMICs as a result of the increased availability of ART, particularly in areas with high coverage Kenyon and others 2014).…”

Section: Aids Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Prevention

Chesson¹,

Mayaud²,

Aral³

2017

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6): Major Infectious Diseases

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“…Regarding the treatment of syphilis, penicillin remains a highly effective medicine of choice for the individuals infected by Treponema [ 22 , 23 ]. The worldwide shortage of penicillin was the subject of the 6 th WHO Assembly in Geneva [ 24 ], recognizing the shortage of the drug for many years in several countries of the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaknesses in primary health care favor the growth of acquired syphilis

et al. 2021

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Acquired syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that affects the general population and has been growing in recent years in many countries. A study was developed aiming to analyze the trends of acquired syphilis associated with sociodemographic aspects and primary health care in Brazil, in the period from 2011 to 2019. This study used secondary data from the national notification systems of the 5570 Brazilian cities and a database of 37,350 primary health care teams, as well as socioeconomic and municipal demographic indicators. The trends of acquired syphilis at the municipal level were calculated from the log-linear regression, crossing them with variables of primary health care and sociodemographic indicators. Finally, a multiple model was built from logistic regression. 724,310 cases of acquired syphilis have been reported. In primary care units, 47.8% had partial coverage and 74.1% had health teams with poor or regular scores. 52.6% had rapid test for syphilis partially available. Male and female condoms are available in 85.9% and 62.9% respectively and 54.4% had penicillin available in the health facility. The increase in trends of acquired syphilis was associated with better availability of the rapid test; lower availability of male condoms; lower availability of female condoms; lower availability of benzathine penicillin; partial coverage of the teams in primary health care; limited application of penicillin in primary health care; higher proportion of teams classified as Poor/Regular in primary health care; higher proportion of women aged 10 to 17 years who had children; higher HDI; higher proportion of people aged 15 to 24 years who do not study, do not work and are vulnerable; and population size with more than 100,000 inhabitants. The following variables remained in the multiple model: not all primary health care teams apply penicillin; higher proportion of primary health care teams with poor/regular scores; population size >100000 inhabitants; partially available female condom. Thus, the weakness of primary health care linked to population size may have favored the growth of the acquired syphilis epidemic in Brazilian cities.

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Public health interventions to control syphilis

Cited by 21 publications

References 95 publications

Syphilis in heterosexual women: case characteristics and risk factors for recent syphilis infection in Tokyo, Japan, 2017–2018

Syphilis in heterosexual women: case characteristics and risk factors for recent syphilis infection in Tokyo, Japan, 2017–2018

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Prevention

Weaknesses in primary health care favor the growth of acquired syphilis

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