Public Health Management of Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus

Libbus, M. Kay; Phillips, Lorraine J.

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00790.x

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…30 The most important risk factor for MTCT of HBV infection is a maternal level of HBV DNA>200 000 IU ml −1 (>6 log 10 copies ml −1 ). 22,31–35 Prior to neonatal prophylaxis with HBIG and HBV vaccination (see detailed description in the following section), the risk of perinatal transmission of HBV infection ranged from 10 to 40%, with 40 to 70% of those infants remaining chronically infected.…”

Section: Hepatitis B In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C in pregnancy: a review and recommendations for care

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our objective was to provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge regarding pregnancy and hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as well as recent efforts to reduce the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Maternal infection with either HBV or HCV has been linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, including MTCT. MTCT for HBV has been reduced to approximately 5% overall in countries including the US that have instituted postpartum neonatal HBV vaccination and immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immune globulin. However, the rate of transmission of HBV to newborns is nearly 30% when maternal HBV levels are greater than 200 000 IU ml−1 (>6 log10 copies ml−1). For these patients, new guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) indicate that, in addition to neonatal vaccination and immunoprophylaxis, treating with antiviral agents such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or telbivudine during pregnancy beginning at 32 weeks of gestation is safe and effective in preventing MTCT. In contrast to HBV, no therapeutic agents are yet available or recommended to further decrease the risk of MTCT of HCV, which remains 3 to 10%. HCV MTCT can be minimized by avoiding fetal scalp electrodes and birth trauma whenever possible. Young women with HCV should be referred for treatment post delivery, and neonates should be closely followed to rule out infection. New, better-tolerated treatment regimens for HCV are now available, which should improve outcomes for all infected individuals.

show abstract

Section: Hepatitis B In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C in pregnancy: a review and recommendations for care

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers should receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours after birth [6]. The strategy is highly effective in the prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of HBV, with 99.71% to 100% and 85% to 95% protective rates in children of HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive carrier mothers respectively [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A knowledge survey of obstetrics and gynecology staff on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus

Dai

Zhou

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: This survey was designed to investigate the knowledge awareness of obstetrics and gynaecology staff (Obs/Gyn staff) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methodology: Obs/Gyn staff from 21 of the 31 Chinese mainland provinces, who attended medical meetings or training classes from July to October 2011, were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding PMTCT of HBV. The questionnaire included the clinical implications of HBV serologic markers and PMTCT preventive measures for both pregnant women and infants. Results: A total of 828 questionnaires were distributed, 617 (74.5%) Obs/Gyn staff participated in the survey, and 559 (90.6%) questionnaires met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 90% of participants correctly determined the positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as infectious, but up to 27.5% mistakenly considered the presence of anti-HBe and/or anti-HBc with negative HBsAg as infectious. In total, 96.3% respondents knew that pregnant women should be screened for HBV infection, and 95.3% realized that infants of HBsAg-positive mothers should be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccine. On the other hand, with the available immunoprophylaxis, 13.8% participants mistakenly believed caesarean section may prevent HBV mother-to-child transmission, and only 13% correctly answered that newborns of HBsAg positive mothers may be breastfed. Conclusion: Obs/Gyn staff in China have mastered the strategies of HBV PMTCT, but there is obvious insufficiency in details of the application. Intensified efforts to train the Obs/Gyn staff are required to improve the current suboptimal medical service in HBV-exposed infants and to control mother-to-infant transmission of HBV.

show abstract

“…The risk of transmission from mother to newborn can be reduced from 20–90% to 5–10% by administering to the newborn hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth, followed by a second dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) at 1-2 months and a third dose at and not earlier than 6 months (24 weeks) [7, 8]. The hepatitis B infection does not usually require treatment because most adults clear the infection spontaneously [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of Transmission Dynamics and Optimal Control of Vaccination and Treatment for Hepatitis B Virus

Kamyad

Akbari

Heydari

et al. 2014

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide public health problem. In this paper, we study the dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection which can be controlled by vaccination as well as treatment. Initially we consider constant controls for both vaccination and treatment. In the constant controls case, by determining the basic reproduction number, we study the existence and stability of the disease-free and endemic steady-state solutions of the model. Next, we take the controls as time and formulate the appropriate optimal control problem and obtain the optimal control strategy to minimize both the number of infectious humans and the associated costs. Finally at the end numerical simulation results show that optimal combination of vaccination and treatment is the most effective way to control hepatitis B virus infection.

show abstract

Public Health Management of Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

Hepatitis B and C in pregnancy: a review and recommendations for care

Hepatitis B and C in pregnancy: a review and recommendations for care

A knowledge survey of obstetrics and gynecology staff on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus

Mathematical Modeling of Transmission Dynamics and Optimal Control of Vaccination and Treatment for Hepatitis B Virus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About