Public health nurses’ experiences following up children with overweight and obesity according to national guidelines. A qualitative study

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to develop knowledge of how the follow-up regarding overweight and obesity among children in primary school is experienced by the PHN and how the guidelines may be used to improve health services in this follow-up. Methods We analysed semi-structured interviews of 9 PHNs using qualitative content analysis. Results Two themes emerged: Following up with children with overweight and obesity is an important but challenging duty; The PHNs call for clearer guidelines. Following five sub-themes: PHNs strive to adhere to the guidelines, show compassion in the follow-up, have difficulty handling parents’ feelings and reactions, feel alone with the responsibility, and have suggestions for clearer guidelines. Conclusions PHNs call for enough resources to communicate the results of the child’s weight in a sufficient form. PHNs and families should establish common goals. The PHN should avoid one-way communication but meet the parents’ concerns and needs. This requires the PHN to focus on building a secure relation to the child and the families, as described by Peplau. Guidelines must include instructions and tools on how to communicate and meet the family’s concerns. Political action and increased funding could strengthen the follow-up and thereby prevent more obesity among children, which can be a predictor of poorer health outcomes later in life.