Public Health Perspectives on the Rising Incidence of Pertussis

Judelsohn, Richard G.; Koslap-Petraco, Mary Beth

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1446.2007.00652.x

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Pertussis is a problem in developed, urbanized communities and the associated social and health costs are high. 2,28,29 The results of a Spanish study by Fernández-Cano et al 30 found that the economic costs of cases >15 years of age were greater than those of cases <1 year of age, which supports the importance of detecting cases in older children and adolescents as soon as possible to avoid new cases by means of preventive measures such as chemoprophylaxis and vaccination of unimmunized or underimmunized exposed contacts. 14 The role of adults in transmitting B. pertussis to children has been described by several authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Importance of Enhanced Surveillance for Prevention of Pertussis in Children

Domı́nguez

Godoy

Toledo

et al. 2015

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Underreporting of symptomatic cases is important not only in adults, but also in children >1 year of age and suggests that providing clinics with free, fast laboratory diagnostic tests, together with enhanced surveillance of family contacts of any age is necessary to better determine existing cases. Enhanced surveillance may be helpful to better understand transmission patterns in the family and in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Importance of Enhanced Surveillance for Prevention of Pertussis in Children

Domı́nguez

Godoy

Toledo

et al. 2015

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Usually clinicians associate pertussis with children and lack of knowledge or appreciation of clinical illness caused by pertussis in adults often renders it unrecognized. Undiagnosed cases contributed to the spread of pertussis to others who are susceptible (e.g., incompletely immunized infants and toddlers) [33]. The General Practitioners must be encouraged in considering the diagnosis of pertussis as part of differential diagnosis of each adult with a prolonged cough.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of a pertussis outbreak in a low coverage booster vaccination group of otherwise healthy children in Italy

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe introduction of universal pertussis immunization and the high coverage achieved in most developed countries have largely changed the epidemiology of the disease. Although vaccination rates are high in the first year of life, the rates of booster doses are unsatisfactory and lead to the onset of outbreaks. This report describes an outbreak of pertussis affecting school students already immunized in a town of Puglia (Italy), detected at the end of April 2009.MethodsVaccine effectiveness is measured by calculating the incidence rates (attack rates- AR) of disease among vaccinated (ARV) and unvaccinated (ARU) people and determining the percentage reduction in the incidence rate of disease among vaccinated people compared to unvaccinated people.ResultsThe index case was a healthy child, female, 9-years-old who attended a local elementary school and developed pertussis on 27 April 2009. The secondary cases were the aunt and the cousin of the index case who developed a cough on 10 May 2009. In the elementary class of the index case, a cluster occurred. The overall AR was 15.8%, in particular 20% in children who did not receive the booster doses at 5–6 years old (ARU) and 14.3% in children receiving the booster (ARV). The VE of booster dose in this setting was 28.5%. Moreover, only the index case developed a persistent cough; the VE against moderate to severe pertussis was 100%. A cluster was detected in the middle school class that the cousin of the index case attended; AR was 44.4% (12/27); ARU was 50% (10/20) and ARV 28.6% (2/7). VE in this setting was 42.8%.ConclusionsOur results confirm the need to administer booster doses; failure the booster is the principal determinant for the outbreak onset.

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“…17 Furthermore, pertussis often causes other complications for adults and adolescents, such as missing several days of work and school and public health surveillance costs. [18][19][20] In the U.S., adolescent and adult family members are also often the source of pertussis exposure in young infants, who are at greatest risk for health complications resulting from the disease including pneumonia, convulsions, apnea, and death. 17 Infants must build immunity to pertussis through a series of vaccinations.…”

Section: Vaccination Recommendations and Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%