Public Participation in the Law-Making in the Digitalization Era

Abstract

Technology can play an important role and provide a useful tool for creating informed and active citizens, thereby contributing to democracy from the ground up. The shift from e-governance to e-democracy has become an important example of the capacity of technology to influence public law as a whole. There are at least four methods that can be used to participate in public participation in law-making, namely digitally: Interactive Applications, Legislative Crowdsourcing, and Utilizing Big Data. There are at least 2 (two) ways that the community can conventionally take to get involved in forming the law, namely active participation, and passive participation. Through active participation, the public takes the initiative to participate in the process of forming legislation products by attending general meetings, and public debates, as well as writing open letters in the mass media addressed to the apparatus in charge of discussing the Draft Law. Passive participation means that participation initiatives come from outside the community.

Cryptocurrency assets as a physical collateral in Indonesia

“…The idea of a digital asset with commercial value, existing legality, and being used by the general public does not preclude the potential of it being used as a guarantee because positive law does not yet regulate the collateral items associated with digital assets as collateral and assets do not yet have legal certainty in commercial activities as the subject of guarantees (Jaya Wardana, Jaya Wardana, & Bachtiar, 2022;Krisnawangsa, Hasiholan, Adhyaksa, & Maspaitella, 2021). Material assurances are "material" in the sense that they grant primary rights over specific objects and have innate qualities that accompany the objects in question.…”

The legal protection system of indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia

“…Developing countries generally welcome international companies and are willing to work with them, even willing to sacrifice their environment and local people, as they see further involvement with these companies as a means to advance the economic development of their own country. In Asia, the negative impact of such a project is added with a lack of genuine recognition and effective participation in the process (Wardana & Salman, 2023). Land use policies are designed to attract development projects and are often linked to the assimilation of indigenous peoples into the public (Transnational Investments Report (United Nation Doc E/CN.4/ Sub.2/1994Sub.2/ /40, 1994Sub.2/ ), 1994).…”