Public participatory GIS in community-based disaster risk reduction

Kemp, Randall B.

doi:10.31269/triplec.v6i2.81

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…PPGIS describes when GIS technology is used to involve various stakeholders in planning, policy making and the advancement of goals [15]. PPGIS ideas are often incorporated into post-natural disaster community rebuilding activity [1], and community perceptions of risk and risk reduction [8] [6]. Refugee camps and natural disaster situations are closely connected in that they both follow a sequence of response and recovery from an unfortunate event.…”

Section: Participatory Gis and Refugee Community Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting participatory community building in refugee camps with mapping technology

Ying

Maitland

Tomaszewski

2015

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development

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Mapping technology has the potential to be a helpful tool in community building. This paper explores its promise for this purpose in refugee camps. We posit such tools when used for participatory planning can be useful for building more sustainable living environments. This is especially true when a camp is transitioning from a site of crisis response into a stable location of recovery. In this note, we first discuss the current state of refugee camps and then examine the benefits and constraints of mapping technology in participatory planning and community building. This preliminary analysis identifies critical stakeholders and infrastructure constraints, and additionally makes recommendations for appropriate technologies. In particular, we propose the use of Public Participatory GIS and take the novel approach of applying the sociological framing of a Boundary Object. Drawing on data gathered while planning a field study of Za'atari Syrian refugee camp, we assess the feasibility of this framing for future analyses in the camp.

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Section: Participatory Gis and Refugee Community Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting participatory community building in refugee camps with mapping technology

Ying

Maitland

Tomaszewski

2015

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development

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“…This study demonstrates that PGIS can complement conventional flood research in designing a more acceptable and effective, mitigation and response strategy for local communities. The PGIS studies related to natural hazards are driven to engage and empower the local community to effectively assess the implications involved with the hazard and thereby plan and adopt solutions for handling the risk (Kemp, 2008).…”

Section: Pgis In Natural Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of challenges and solutions in adopting a participatory geographical information system for disaster management

Penki¹,

Meesala²,

Tanniru

2022

Ecocycles

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Disaster management is a critical component in mitigating the impacts of various natural, and other disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, earthquakes, disease spreading etc. The primary aim of disaster management in a specific region is to empower the local neighborhood to higher determine its natural danger instincts and therefore migrate closer to options for lowering that risk. Conventional techniques of disaster management are majorly driven by the quantitative information collected from various events. Some of the recent techniques have used more advanced data-driven and non-linear approaches such as machine learning, and spatial analysis tools such as GIS for making more informed decisions. However, these techniques cannotoften represent the dynamics of demographic units, and event impact in small regions due to a multitude of reasons such as lack of data, equipment, more generalized approaches, etc. Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) overcomes some of the limitations present in the traditional techniques by incorporating local communities as stakeholders in making various policies, distributing risk information etc. PGIS has been adopted in various fields such as land cover planning, agriculture information systems, data collection systems etc. Other than these applications, the effectiveness of PGIS in disaster management in handling various natural disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, and disease spread has been demonstrated in several studies. However, in manyplaces, PGIS is not yet evolved and its implementation is still at the infancy level due to several reasons. Despite many advantages, PGIS presents many problems comprising insufficient infrastructure, training facilities, engagement and education of the community members towards a combined decision, etc. therefore provision of necessary infrastructure can improve the overall impact of implementing PGIS. Involving the local community and educating them on the right approach for the success of PGIS is a complex task. Further, the conflict of opinions between technical personnel and locals can be another factor that limits the usage. However, from the results of various studies, the advantages of PGIS implementation can outweigh the limitations of implementation.

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“…To these ends, In Section 2, we propose a means by which to measure GIC using a set of 63 key indicators reflective of competencies found to be most critical to successful application of geographic information for disaster risk management activities. These indicators are derived from both insights developed through field experience in disaster risk management initiatives at the United Nations, as well as a review of critical topics discussed in disaster risk management literature [3,13,16,18,21,39,42,62,78] (Table 2). Section 3 provides a case study of applying the indicators at the sub-national level, including statistical analysis of GIC Profiles both within and between representative developed and developing nations.…”

Section: Applications Of Gicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regional National information collection, organization, and use [48]. PPGIS brings end users together with professionals in a collaborative environment to help focus attention where it is needed; in this model, feedback on key focus areas is derived from the public, and policy action decisions are driven at the agency management level in response [39]. In many cases, the link between community knowledge on vulnerability and policy action on risk reduction is an external facilitator that assumes responsibility for the technical aspects of a community mapping project-another indicator of community GIC [13].…”

Section: Localmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a geographic information capacity (GIC) profile for disaster risk management under United Nations framework commitments

Tomaszewski

Moore

Parnell

et al. 2020

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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The capacity to utilize geographic information is a critical element of disaster risk management. Although access to and use of geographic information system (GIS) technology continues to grow, there remain significant gaps in approaches used by disaster risk management stakeholders to understand geographic information needs, sources, and information flow-ultimately limiting the efficacy of management efforts. To address this problem, we introduce the concept of geographic information capacity (GIC) to measure and analyze the ability of stakeholders to understand, access, and work with geographic information for disaster risk management. We propose a framework for assessing GIC, the GIC Profile, which we situate within a review of disaster risk managementrelevant frameworks. We evaluate the GIC Profile using two case study countries at the first (sub-national) geoadministrative boundary level. Chi-square analyses suggest GIC across equivalent regional units within each country is relatively uniform, and that this uniformity is comparable between nations despite significant difference in overall capacity. Contributions of the GIC Profile to disaster risk management research are twofold. First, this is a first attempt to develop a profile based on key indicators for quantifying GIC highlights critical areas for capacity improvement, allowing decision makers to identify and prioritize pathways to strengthen disaster risk management programs. Through this initial effort, a decision tool has been developed which may enhance decisions on how to utilize GIS in support of disaster risk management. This tool is iterative and can be updated as new events occur to maximize GIS benefits, ultimately reducing disaster risks and their potential consequences.

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Public participatory GIS in community-based disaster risk reduction

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

Promoting participatory community building in refugee camps with mapping technology

Promoting participatory community building in refugee camps with mapping technology

A review of challenges and solutions in adopting a participatory geographical information system for disaster management

Developing a geographic information capacity (GIC) profile for disaster risk management under United Nations framework commitments

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