Public policy and technical change in Latin American agriculture

Trigo, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/0306-9192(83)90025-8

“…Históricamente, el agro latinoamericano se ha caracterizado por la predominancia de estrategias productivas en las que la rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de las explotaciones agropecuarias se fundamentaba en el uso extensivo de la tierra con bajos niveles de uso de insumos y bajos rendimientos por hectárea que se compensaban con también bajos niveles de costos totales. Estas estrategias encontraban su explicación y sustento en la lógica de un modelo agroexportador para el cual la riqueza de recursos de la región constituía la fuente básica de competitividad, en un entorno macroeconómico de alta inestabilidad y políticas discriminatorias hacia la agricultura, que incluían bajos precios internos de los alimentos y altos precios de los insumos que desarticulaban la inversión y el desarrollo tecnológico (Piñeiro y Trigo, 1983).…”

Section: Cambios Cualitativos De La Demanda Y En Los Niveles De Agroi...unclassified

La institucionalidad en el sector agropecuario de América Latina: Evaluación y propuestas para una reforma institucional

Echeverría,

Atal,

Martínez Nogueira

et al. 1999

0

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El objetivo de este documento de trabajo es describir la evolución de la institucionalidad en el Sector Público Agropecuario (SPA) de América Latina y proponer ideas que pueden servir de base para el diseño y la implementación de sucesivas etapas de reformas del sector, con el fin de lograr una mayor eficacia en el gasto, una mayor focalización de la acción y una mayor articulación de los esfuerzos públicos con los que realizan las organizaciones de la sociedad civil y el propio sector privado. Como lo resaltan los autores, este enfoque debe atender a la integralidad de los procesos de formulación de políticas y programas y de su ejecución, a la instalación de capacidades sustentables y al crecimiento de los recursos analíticos y de gestión tanto en los países como en los organismos que contribuyen a su desarrollo.

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“…Technical efficiency (or lcarning) shifts the average production isoquant on which farrners operate more closely ta the isoquant that represcnts the production frontier ( Fig. Pifieiro and Trige (1983) conclu de that modernization was most effective when farmers' interests were guiding the supply of technology through a process of social articulation. Technical change shifts both the average production isoquant and the frontier production isoquant closer to the origin (Fig.…”

Section: Charactcristics Of Agrtcultural Modcrnizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modernization of a peasant crop in Colombia: Evidence and implications

Janssen¹

1994

Agricultural Economics

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The survival of the small-farm scctor in the process of agricultural modernization in Latin America has bccn a concern for many authors and institutions. Tt is generally believed that the small-farm seetor is bypasscd in the proeess of agricultural development. The authors analyzc modcrnization of bcany maize cropping systems in Southern Colombia. Priees, production practices and profitability arc cornparcd for 1975 and 1989. Dy means of a production function, the effects of alloeative efficiency, teehnical effieiency and technical change on productivity and profitability are analyzed. The obscrvcd changes refleet very weil the priee trends over the period. Bctwccn 1975 and 1989, total factor produetivity incrcascd by 50%. Dean/ maizc produecrs almost doubled returns to land and labor. Inereased teehnieal efficieney had most effeet on profitability, followcd by teehnical change. Alloeative effieicncy had more impact on yields than on profitability bccausc it was associatcd with high input costs, Considerable opportunities for further productivity incrcases werc identified. Conclusions on the nature of the modernization process are drawn. Implications for agrieultural policy, rcscarch and the role of the small farm in agricultural development are dcrivcd,

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“…l, movement C). Pifieiro and Trige (1983) conclu de that modernization was most effective when farmers' interests were guiding the supply of technology through a process of social articulation. Pomareda (l991) mentions social organization as a condition for succcssful change.…”

Section: Charactcristics Of Agrtcultural Modcrnizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modernization of a peasant crop in Colombia: evidence and implications

Janssen

¹

,

Londoño

²

1994

Agricultural Economics

1

0

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The survival of the small-farm scctor in the process of agricultural modernization in Latin America has bccn a concern for many authors and institutions. Tt is generally believed that the small-farm seetor is bypasscd in the proeess of agricultural development. The authors analyzc modcrnization of bcany maize cropping systems in Southern Colombia. Priees, production practices and profitability arc cornparcd for 1975 and 1989. Dy means of a production function, the effects of alloeative efficiency, teehnical effieiency and technical change on productivity and profitability are analyzed. The obscrvcd changes refleet very weil the priee trends over the period. Bctwccn 1975 and 1989, total factor produetivity incrcascd by 50%. Dean/ maizc produecrs almost doubled returns to land and labor. Inereased teehnieal efficieney had most effeet on profitability, followcd by teehnical change. Alloeative effieicncy had more impact on yields than on profitability bccausc it was associatcd with high input costs, Considerable opportunities for further productivity incrcases werc identified. Conclusions on the nature of the modernization process are drawn. Implications for agrieultural policy, rcscarch and the role of the small farm in agricultural development are dcrivcd,

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Public policy and technical change in Latin American agriculture

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

La institucionalidad en el sector agropecuario de América Latina: Evaluación y propuestas para una reforma institucional

La institucionalidad en el sector agropecuario de América Latina: Evaluación y propuestas para una reforma institucional

Modernization of a peasant crop in Colombia: Evidence and implications

Modernization of a peasant crop in Colombia: evidence and implications

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