Public relations and propaganda in framing the Iraq war: a preliminary review

Hiebert, Ray E.

doi:10.1016/s0363-8111(03)00047-x

Cited by 79 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Studies have shown that media tend to reflect their governments' stands. A country's media are not likely to remain neutral in a conflict involving its government (Bennett, 2003;Carruthers, 2000;Hiebert, 2003;Keeble, 1998;Knightley, 1975Knightley, , 2004Reese & Buckalew, 1995;Van Ginneken, 1998). Regardless of the news media's role in fanning conflict, this finding suggests an opportunity for early intervention by peace journalism, but the foremost challenge is for peace journalists to break away from the mold of the acquiescent media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conceivably, these peace efforts in Indonesia influenced the framing of the conflicts by the three Indonesian newspapers. There is a large body of literature documenting governmental influence on the work of journalists in conflicts (e.g., Bennett, 2003;Carruthers, 2000;Combs, 1993;Hiebert, 2003;Keeble, 1998;Lynch, 2003aLynch, , 2003bReese & Buckalew, 1995), raising the question of how peace journalism can operate without journalistic autonomy. Reese and Buckalew (1995), who studied the news framing of the Gulf War, observed that ''the interlocking and reinforcing triangle of government, news media and corporate needs works together to further a culture supportive of military adventures such as those in the Gulf'' (p. 41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peace Journalism: Principles and Structural Limitations in the News Coverage of Three Conflicts

Lee

2010

Mass Communication and Society

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peace Journalism: Principles and Structural Limitations in the News Coverage of Three Conflicts

Lee

2010

Mass Communication and Society

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“…Literature in the field has emphasized 'organizational framing' (p. 211) in conjunction with theories of agenda setting (Kiousis & Shields, 2008;Knight, 1999;Sallot & Johnson, 2006), and framing has often been approached as a tool for issue management (Darmon et al, 2008;Gallagher, Fontenot, & Boyle, 2007;Kent, 2008) and for constructing relatable messages (Hiebert, 2003;Lundy, 2006;Reber & Berger, 2005). Scholarly interrogations of framing in public relations have employed various forms of frame analysis applied to organization-generated frames (Gallagher et al, 2007;Kiousis & Shields, 2008) or media content frames (Cho & Gower, 2006;Curtin & Rhodenbaugh, 2001;Entman, 2007;Perkins, 2005;Sallot & Johnson, 2006;Zoch & Molleda, 2006).…”

Section: Analyzing Framing Practices On Qrs Websitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineating responsibility, decisions and compromises: a frame analysis of the fast food industry’s online CSR communication

Ban

2016

Journal of Applied Communication Research

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This paper uses a frame analysis method to highlight the ways in which the quick-service restaurant (QSR) industry -or fast food restaurant industry -uses official websites to communicate messages about nutrition and health to consumers and other relevant publics, especially using the language of corporate social responsibility. In the context of the increasing association of QSR industry food to the obesity epidemic in the U.S.A., several large fast-food chains have developed elaborate communication strategies to address the health concerns among the general public of their foods. Using a frame analysis method, I demonstrate that the industry consistently draws on metaphors of 'individual responsibility' and 'personal choice' in choosing healthy food, while establishing the primary role of moderation and exercise in preventing obesity. As a contribution to the field of PR, this emic frame analysis features an integrative approach that combines both message features in context with message intention. I also discuss practical applications of the study findings. ARTICLE HISTORYThe primary scholarly objective of this article is to respond to questions raised by consumers, consumer-rights groups, and food activist organizations: Can we view the health campaigns initiated by fast food industry as a genuine sign of improvement? Are fast food websites a value-neutral, trustworthy source of health information? Have fast food restaurants turned into the healthy meal options as their corporate social responsibility (CSR) messages suggest?Fast food chains such as McDonald's, Arby's and KFC have long been criticized for providing foods associated with energy overconsumption

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“…In addition, issues regarding the soldiers of war and their victories, Iraq war as part of the war on terror, and pictures of crowds cheering US troops in Iraqi cities were highlighted by the Western media. Besides that, some other Western media also were not objective in reporting the issues of Iraq (Griffin, 2004;Hiebert, 2003;Dittmer, 2009;Zheng, 2006). The study aims to reveal the image of Iraq as portrayed by the Eastern media through the two Malaysian English newspapers, NSTP and the Star, which belong to two different political parties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agenda Setting of Iraq Image in Malaysian English Newspaper

Kassed¹,

Mustaffa²

2014

ASS

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Mass media news on certain country itself can affect their image on society. The image that will appear could be positive, negative or neutral depending on the content in it. This study employs content analysis of Agenda Setting of Iraq image in Malaysian English newspapers indicated that NSTP and the Star. In total, 535 articles and news stories were obtained from three periods before, during and after the occupation of Iraq. Findings showed that the Agenda Setting for NSTP focused on the issue of "The Malaysia's policy towards Iraq", "The US policy and the occupation of Iraq" and "The impact of war on Malaysia". While, the Star focused on "Iraq's needs and suffering". In summary, the newspapers seem to take great care in transmitting images of other countries particularly the Islamic country, which could affect Malaysia and its neighbors politically, economically and socially. Thus it can be concluded that the media's ownership position plays vital role in shaping countries image in media coverage. The current study indicated that the positive and neutral image of Iraq in NSTP are considered important to the Malaysian government to advance its domestic and foreign policies to Malaysians, and also due to its political and economic interests with Iraq which is a Muslim country. Contrarily, the Star seemed to oppose government policies but this opposition is marginal and issue specific in nature depending upon the involvement of Malaysia interests and intensity of the government media differences on those issues.

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Public relations and propaganda in framing the Iraq war: a preliminary review

Cited by 79 publications

References 3 publications

Peace Journalism: Principles and Structural Limitations in the News Coverage of Three Conflicts

Peace Journalism: Principles and Structural Limitations in the News Coverage of Three Conflicts

Delineating responsibility, decisions and compromises: a frame analysis of the fast food industry’s online CSR communication

Agenda Setting of Iraq Image in Malaysian English Newspaper

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