Public Sector Collaboration for Agricultural IP Management

Atkinson, Richard C.; Beachy, Roger N.; Conway, Gordon; Cordova, F.; Fox, Marye Anne; Holbrook, Karen A.; Klessig, Daniel F.; McCormick, Richard P.; McPherson, Peter; Rawlings, Hunter R.; Rapson, Rip; Vanderhoef, Larry N.; Wiley, J. D.; Young, Charles E.

doi:10.1126/science.1085553

Cited by 109 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, PIPRA, a nonprofit organization, was established at UC Davis by the Rockefeller and McKnight foundations to facilitate access to patented and proprietary technologies for the development and commercialization of agricultural crops, primarily in developing countries, but also for public entities (Atkinson et al 2003). The USDA APHIS Biotechnology Quality Management System was established in 2007 to help technology developers with the tools needed for regulatory compliance and to facilitate regulatory clearances.…”

Section: Intellectual Property Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and adoption of biotechnology strategies could improve California fruit and nut crops

Haroldsen¹,

Paulino²,

Chi-Ham³

et al. 2012

Cal Ag

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California's fruit and nut tree crops represent one-third of the state's cash farm receipts and 70% of U.S. fruit and nut production. Advances in crop biotechnology and genetic engineering could help protect these valuable crops from pests and diseases and improve productivity. However, due to the difficulty of genetically engineering woody tree crops, as well as intellectual property concerns, regulatory hurdles and public perceptions about genetic engineering, biotechnology has not gained a foothold in this area of agriculture. Our survey of published genetic engineering research and issued field trial permits between 2000 and 2011 revealed that citrus and grape are the focus of most current work, and that walnut -not the more widely planted almond -is the focus among nut crops. Matching publicly funded genetic engineering research projects to a survey of the industry's top needs, we found that far less than half of the funded research has focused on the top-identified pest and disease threats. The most promising genetic engineering technology for fruit and nut tree crops may be transgrafting, which could address consumer concerns and benefit growers.

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Section: Intellectual Property Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and adoption of biotechnology strategies could improve California fruit and nut crops

Haroldsen¹,

Paulino²,

Chi-Ham³

et al. 2012

Cal Ag

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show abstract

“…of open source biology (BiOS, Biological Innovation for Open Society) 11 and in institutional collaborations to facilitate access to crucial enabling technologies (PIPRA, Public Intellectual Property Rights for Agriculture) 12 . They support the widespread adoption of the Uniform Biological Material Transfer Agreement (UBMTA) for exchanges among scientists, long advocated by the National Institutes of Health 13 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patents versus patenting: implications of intellectual property protection for biological research

Lei¹,

Juneja

Wright³

2009

Nat Biotechnol

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“…For example, the federal government could decide to provide robust formula funding to research universities to support public-interest research [58]. Likewise, institutional mechanisms can be put in place to prevent the exclusion or limiting of access to university research because of intellectual property held by the private sector or by other universities [59,60].…”

Section: Institutional Capacity For Public Goods Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Theory and Practice of Genetically Engineered Crops and Agricultural Sustainability

2011

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Abstract:The development of genetically engineered (GE) crops has focused predominantly on enhancing conventional pest control approaches. Scientific assessments show that these GE crops generally deliver significant economic and some environmental benefits over their conventional crop alternatives. However, emerging evidence indicates that current GE crops will not foster sustainable cropping systems unless the negative environmental and social feedback effects are properly addressed. Moreover, GE crop innovations that promote more sustainable agricultural systems will receive underinvestment by seed and chemical companies that must understandably focus on private returns for major crops. Opportunities to promote crops that convey multi-faceted benefits for the environment and the poor are foundational to a sustainable food system and should not be neglected because they also represent global public goods. In this paper, we develop a set of criteria that can guide the development of GE crops consistent with contemporary sustainable agriculture theory and practice. Based on those principles, we OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2011, 3 848 offer policy options and recommendations for reforming public and private R&D and commercialization processes to further the potential contributions of GE crops to sustainable agriculture. Two strategies that would help achieve this goal would be to restore the centrality of the public sector in agricultural R&D and to open the technology development process to more democratic participation by farmers and other stakeholders.

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Public Sector Collaboration for Agricultural IP Management

Cited by 109 publications

References 9 publications

Research and adoption of biotechnology strategies could improve California fruit and nut crops

Research and adoption of biotechnology strategies could improve California fruit and nut crops

Patents versus patenting: implications of intellectual property protection for biological research

The Theory and Practice of Genetically Engineered Crops and Agricultural Sustainability

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