Public transport and urban pollution

Borck, Rainald

doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2019.06.005

Cited by 60 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The reason is that, as analyzed by the theoretical literature, residents of densely populated cities consume less fuel due to the availability of public transport systems and shorter commutes, and use less residential energy because dwellings are smaller and high-rise apartment buildings are more energy efficient. Indeed, per capita fuel consumption and automobile utilization have been found to be significantly lower in more densely populated cities due to the availability of public transport and shorter commutes to work on average (Newman and Kenworthy, 1989;Karathodorou et al, 2010), and public transport has been found to reduce pollution (Bauernschuster et al, 2017;Borck, 2017). Gudipudi et al (2016) use U.S. data from 2000 and find that per capita CO 2 emissions decrease with city size.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Population density and urban air quality

Borck

Schrauth

2021

Regional Science and Urban Economics

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121

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We use panel data from Germany to analyze the effect of population density on urban air pollution (nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and ozone). To address unobserved heterogeneity and omitted variables, we present long difference/fixed effects estimates and instrumental variables estimates, using historical population and soil quality as instruments. Our preferred estimates imply that a one-standard deviation increase in population density increases air pollution by 3-12%.

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Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Population density and urban air quality

Borck

Schrauth

2021

Regional Science and Urban Economics

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121

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“…Urban air pollution comes mainly from commuting or transport, economic activities and residential energy use ( Borck, 2019 ; Grondys, 2019 ). When there are measures to control vehicular flow or industrial emissions, the levels of air pollutants are reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of lockdown on particulate matter concentrations in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Arregocés

Rojano

Restrepo

2021

Science of The Total Environment

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The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Colombia was reported on March 6, 2020. For this reason, on March 25, preventive isolation was declared mandatory. These measures involved the suspension of economic activities and drastically reduced the number of vehicles on the road. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic on PM 2.5 concentrations at 5 monitoring stations and aerosol optical depth values of the Terra/MODIS satellite. We analyzed and compared the weekly and monthly concentrations of PM 2.5 before and during the lockdown between the week of January 6 to June 22, 2020, and compared the daily values obtained from the Terra/MODIS satellite for the months of January–June during the years 2018–2020 to elucidate the effects of the lockdown. Similar to other monitored sites in the world, we observed substantial reductions in weekly PM 2.5 concentrations, from 41 to 84% (Bogotá), from 13 to 66% (Funza), from 17 to 57% (Boyacá), from 35 to 86% (Valledupar) and 31 at 60% (Risaralda). Unlike other studies, the aerosol optical depth values increased up to 59% during the months of lockdown compared to previous years and up to 70% of the weekly mean when compared to before the lockdown. These spatiotemporal behaviors of PM 2.5 and the aerosol optical depth in Colombia are influenced by reductions in vehicular flow during quarantine, regional rainfall, and height of the planetary boundary layer. Emissions from economic activities affect pollutant levels in the area. The analysis of the levels of pollutants during the lockdown provides a baseline for regulatory agencies to establish mitigation plans.

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“…Improving the quality and quantity of public transport services is one of the most efficient transport policies to improve modal split and reduce car use, with positive impacts on emissions [204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213]. Countries that invest the most in public transport systems are also those with the highest shares of modal split.…”

Section: Transit Improvements and Public Transport Promotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Mobility: A Review of Possible Actions and Policies

Gallo

Marinelli

2020

Sustainability

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In this paper, a review of the main actions and policies that can be implemented to promote sustainable mobility is proposed. The work aims to provide a broad, albeit necessarily not exhaustive, analysis of the main studies and research that from different points of view have focused on sustainable mobility. The structure of the paper enables the reader to easily identify the topics covered and the studies related to them, so as to guide him/her to the related in-depth studies. In the first part of the paper, there is a preliminary analysis of the concept of sustainable mobility, the main transport policies implemented by the European Union and the USA, and the main statistical data useful to analyze the problem. Next, the main policies that can promote sustainable mobility are examined, classifying them into three topics: Environmental, socio-economic, and technological. Many of the policies and actions examined could be classified into more than one of the three categories used; for each of them, there is a description and the main literature work on which the topic can be analyzed in more detail. The paper concludes with a discussion on the results obtained and the prospects for research.

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Public transport and urban pollution

Cited by 60 publications

References 30 publications

Population density and urban air quality

Population density and urban air quality

Impact of lockdown on particulate matter concentrations in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Sustainable Mobility: A Review of Possible Actions and Policies

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