Public Understanding of Medical Countermeasures

Liu, Brooke Fisher; Quinn, Sandra Crouse; Egnoto, Michael J.; Freimuth, Vicki S.; Boonchaisri, Natalie

doi:10.1089/hs.2016.0074

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…9,10 In a qualitative study on public un- sheets like "experimental," "accelerated approval," and "off-label" prompted respondents to have strong negative emotions. 11 The phrase "Emergency Use Authorization" triggered mixed responses, ranging from "important" and "helpful"…”

Section: Learning From Past Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Communicating Effectively About Emergency Use Authorization and Vaccines in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) mechanism is central to the US response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It allows the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to respond quickly to novel threats by approving a new drug, device, or diagnostic procedure or expanding off-label use of an existing drug through an accelerated approval process.1 To obtain authorization, evidence must support that a drug or product “‘may be effective’ to prevent, diagnose, or treat serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions,” and the known or potential benefits of the product must outweigh known or potential risks.2(p7) The authorization also stipulates that when feasible, a fact sheet is provided to address risks and benefits and make clear that acceptance is voluntary.2 (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print November 25, 2020: e1–e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306036 )

show abstract

Section: Learning From Past Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to "risky," "suspicious," "desperate," and "over-controlling." 11 FDA must confirm that they will release full data on adverse events and modify EUA approvals and fact sheets accordingly.…”

Section: Learning From Past Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Effectively About Emergency Use Authorization and Vaccines in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When faced with a crisis situation, individuals seek information to bolster coping, reduce uncertainty, and determine personal relevance and risk (Austin et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2017). To validate this new information, individuals use a variety of sources and channels (Wray et al, 2008).…”

Section: Cognitive Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infectious Disease Threat (IDT) Appraisal Model: How Perceptions of IDT Predictability and Controllability Predict Individuals’ Responses to Risks

Jin

Ileş

Austin

et al. 2020

International Journal of Strategic Communication

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grounded in the multidisciplinary field of strategic risk and health communication, this study proposed and tested a new infectious disease threat (IDT) appraisal model, focused on mapping individuals' coping strategy preferences as predicted by their perceived predictability and controllability of the disease. A 2 (predictability: high vs. low) × 2 (controllability: high vs. low) within-subjects online experimental design (N = 1,032 U.S. adults) was employed, in which four IDT scenarios (sexually transmitted infection [STI]; waterborne ID; foodborne ID; vector-borne ID) were shown to participants in a counterbalanced fashion, to examine the effects of IDT appraisals on how individuals cope with outbreaks. Results support the hypothesized model, in which assessments of predictability, controllability, and responsibility of an IDT situation drive individuals' affect valence, information seeking, and conative reactions in passive and active ways. Findings further provide insights into what information seeking strategies and IDT coping behaviors individuals prefer based on their differential IDT appraisals, thus suggesting how public health authorities and risk communication professionals can optimally communicate about infectious diseases to help individuals understand these situations and respond appropriately. Strategic health and risk communication is an integral part of strategic communication, in which the purposeful use of communication by organizations (e.g., public health authorities) to fulfill their missions plays a pivotal role (Hallahan et al., 2007). As a multidisciplinary domain of research and practice that intersects health communication, risk communication, and public relations, strategic health and risk communication concerns the development, implementation, and assessment of communications (Hallahan et al., 2007) led by organizations on the social, psychological, and physical wellbeing of at-risk populations (Jin et al., 2016). Although a significant number of risk communication studies have appeared in recent health communication literature, few published studies in

show abstract

“…These preparations are not useful, however, if people are not willing to take or inadvertently misuse a recommended MCM, or if consequential disparities exist in the level at which people can access knowledge about the risks and benefits of MCMs during an emergency. 8 –12 The technical novelty of certain MCMs, accelerated regulatory approval, or other unfamiliar and/or complex circumstances may heighten people’s perceived risk of MCMs, diminish public trust in MCM regulators or recommenders, or seed public aversion, all of which can jeopardize population health in an emergency. 13 –16 An amplified sense of fear and vulnerability during a CBRN event may lead some people to overdose on a prescribed MCM, based on the incorrect assumption that a greater quantity of an MCM is more protective than a small quantity, or lead those not at risk to demand an MCM that is best reserved for others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations on How to Manage Anticipated Communication Dilemmas Involving Medical Countermeasures in an Emergency

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

National investments to facilitate prompt access to safe and effective medical countermeasures (MCMs) (ie, products used to diagnose, prevent, protect from, or treat conditions associated with chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear threats, or emerging infectious diseases) have little merit if people are not willing to take a recommended MCM during an emergency or inadvertently misuse or miss out on a recommended MCM during an emergency. Informed by the Expert Working Group on MCM Emergency Communication, the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security developed recommendations for achieving desired public health outcomes through improved MCM communication based on a review of model practices in risk communication, crisis communication, and public warnings; detailed analysis of recent health crises involving MCMs; and development of a scenario depicting future MCM communication dilemmas. The public's topics of concern, emotional requirements, capacity for processing information, and health needs will evolve as an emergency unfolds, from a pre-event period of routine conditions, to a crisis state, to a post-event period of reflection. Thus, MCM communication by public health authorities requires a phased approach that spans from building up a reputation as a trusted steward of MCMs between crises to developing recovery-focused messages about applying newly acquired data about MCM safety, efficacy, and accessibility to improve future situations.

show abstract

Public Understanding of Medical Countermeasures

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Communicating Effectively About Emergency Use Authorization and Vaccines in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Communicating Effectively About Emergency Use Authorization and Vaccines in the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Infectious Disease Threat (IDT) Appraisal Model: How Perceptions of IDT Predictability and Controllability Predict Individuals’ Responses to Risks

Recommendations on How to Manage Anticipated Communication Dilemmas Involving Medical Countermeasures in an Emergency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About