“…The keys to sustaining the competitive advantage of information systems can come from greater alignment between alternative (e.g. business) and information system strategies (Choe, 2003;Liang & You, 2009), complementary synergies with other internal and external firm resources (Hulland et al, 2007;Ravichandran & Lertwongsatien, 2005), innovation (Grant, 1999;Shin, 2006), which may be incremental, or even better, ground-breaking (Coulthard & Keller, 2016;Lim, 2016), and systematic and timely upgrades of organizational (e.g. expertise, skills) and functional capabilities (e.g.…”