Publisher’s Note: Measurement of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math>Lifetime with Partially Reconstructed<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>*</mml:mo><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml

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doi:10.1103/physrevlett.89.169903

Cited by 4 publications

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“…One of these is the incomplete knowledge of the physics of CP violation (combined charge conjugation and parity symmetry). The SM with the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixing scheme [1] accounts for CP violation discovered in kaon [2] and B-meson [3,4] systems. It fails by many orders of magnitude to account for the most striking evidence of CP violation: the dominance of baryonic matter in the present universe [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Transverse Polarization of Electrons Emitted in Free-Neutron Decay

et al. 2009

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Both components of the transverse polarization of electrons (σT 1 , σT 2 ) emitted in the β-decay of polarized, free neutrons have been measured. The T-odd, P-odd correlation coefficient quantifying σT 2 , perpendicular to the neutron polarization and electron momentum, was found to be R = 0.008±0.015±0.005. This value is consistent with time reversal invariance, and significantly improves limits on the relative strength of imaginary scalar couplings in the weak interaction. The value obtained for the correlation coefficient associated with σT 1 , N = 0.056±0.011±0.005, agrees with the Standard Model expectation, providing an important sensitivity test of the experimental setup.PACS numbers: 24.80.+y, 23.40.Bw, 24.70.+s, 11.30.Er Despite the great success of the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles and their interactions, several important questions remain open. One of these is the incomplete knowledge of physics of CP-violation, or via the CPT theorem, time reversal symmetry violation (TRV). The SM with the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixing scheme accounts for CP violation discovered in kaon [1] and B-meson [2, 3] systems. It fails, however, to explain the basic observation of the dominance of matter in the present Universe. The discovery of new CPor T-violating phenomena, especially in systems built of light quarks with vanishingly small contributions of CKM matrix induced mechanisms, would be a major breakthrough. Nuclear beta decay experiments test these systems and free neutron decay plays a particular role: due to its simplicity it is free of corrections associated with the nuclear and atomic structure. Further, final state interaction effects, which can mimic T violation, are minimal and can, in addition, be calculated with a relative precision better than 1% [4].In this Letter we report on the first experiment searching for the real and imaginary parts of scalar and tensor couplings via the measurement of the transverse polarization of electrons emitted in the decay of free neutrons. There exist very few measurements of this observable in general [5,6], and only two in nuclear beta decays. One of them, for the 8 Li system [7], provides the most stringent limit on tensor coupling constants of the weak interaction.According to [8], the decay rate distribution as a function of electron energy (E) and momentum (p), from polarized neutrons is proportional to:where J is the neutron spin,σ is a unit vector onto which the electron spin is projected and A is beta decay asymmetry parameter. N and R are correlation coefficients which, for neutron decay with the SM assumptions, and allowing for a small admixture of scalar and tensor couplings C S , C T , C ′ S , C ′ T , can be expressed as:whereT )/C A and m is the electron mass. The R correlation value vanishes to the lowest order within the SM. Including final state interactions it becomes different from zero, R F SI ≈ 0.0006, still below the sensitivity of the present experiment. A larger measured value would provide a hint for the existence of exo...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Transverse Polarization of Electrons Emitted in Free-Neutron Decay

et al. 2009

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“…96 Summary of the averages from Table 122 Fig. 97 Summary of the averages from Table 123 Fig. 98 Summary of the averages from Table 124 6.…”

Section: Decays To Charmonium Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(97). Definitions of the set of angles (α s , β s , γ s ) can be obtained using equivalent relations to those of Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averages of b-hadron, c-hadron, and $$\tau $$ τ -lepton properties as of summer 2016

et al. 2017

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This paper reports world averages of measurements of b-hadron, c-hadron, and τ -lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group using results available before April 2021. In rare cases, significant results obtained several months later are also used. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters, CP violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays, and Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements. Selected world averages -continued from previous page. ∆Γ d /Γ d 0.001 ± 0.010 |q d /p d | 1.0010 ± 0.0008 ∆m s 17.765 ± 0.006 ps −1 ∆Γ s +0.084 ± 0.005 ps −1 |q s /p s | 1.0003 ± 0.0014 φ ccs s −0.049 ± 0.019 rad Unitarity-Triangle angle parameters sin2β ≡ sin2φ 1 0.699 ± 0.017 β ≡ φ 1 (22.2 ± 0.7) • −ηS φK 0 S 0.74 +0.11 −0.13 −ηS η K 0 0.63 ± 0.06 −ηS K 0 S K 0 S K 0 S 0.83 ± 0.17 φ s (φφ) −0.073 ± 0.115 ± 0.027 rad S B 0 s →K + K − , C B 0 s →K + K − (0.14 ± 0.03, 0.17 ± 0.03) −ηS J/ψ π 0 0.86 ± 0.14 −ηS D + D − 0.84 ± 0.12 −ηS J/ψ ρ 0 0.66 +0.13 −0.12 +0.09 −0.03(0.343 ± 0.002)% τ parameters, lepton universality, and |V us | g τ /g µ 1.0009 ± 0.0014 g τ /g e 1.0027 ± 0.0014 g µ /g e 1.0019 ± 0.0014* )0 s B ( * )0 s ) = (87.0 ± 1.7)% [34] measured as described in Ref. [35]. The proportions of the various production channels for non-strange B mesons have also been measured [22]. 4.3 b-hadron production fractions at high energy At high energy, all species of weakly decaying b hadrons may be produced, either directly or in strong and electromagnetic decays of excited b hadrons. Before 2010, it was assumed that the fractions of different species in unbiased samples of high-p T b-hadron jets where independent of whether they originated from Z decays, pp collisions at the Tevatron, or pp collisions at the LHC. This hypothesis was plausible under the condition Q 2 Λ 2 QCD , namely, that the square of the momentum transfer to the produced b quarks is large compared with the square of the hadronization energy scale. This hypothesis is correct in the limit p T → ∞, in which the production mechanism of a b hadron is completely described by the fragmentation of the b quark. For finite p T , however, there are interference effects of the production mechanism of the b quark and its hadronization. While formally suppressed by inverse powers of p T , these effects may be sizable, especially when the fragmentation probabilities are small as, e.g., in the case of b baryons. In fact, the available data show that the fractions depend on the kinematics of the produced b hadron. Both CDF and LHCb reported a p T dependence of the fractions, with the fraction of Λ 0 b baryons observed at low p T being enhanced with respect to that seen at LEP at higher p T . In our previous publication [1], we presented two sets of averages, one including only measurements performed at LEP, and another including only measurements performed ...

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Averages of b -hadron, c -hadron, and τ -lepton properties as of 2021

Amhis¹,

Banerjee²,

Ben-Haim³

et al. 2023

Phys. Rev. D

177

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Publisher’s Note: Measurement of theB0Lifetime with Partially ReconstructedB0→D*−ℓ+

Cited by 4 publications

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Measurement of the Transverse Polarization of Electrons Emitted in Free-Neutron Decay

Measurement of the Transverse Polarization of Electrons Emitted in Free-Neutron Decay

Averages of b-hadron, c-hadron, and $$\tau $$ τ -lepton properties as of summer 2016

Averages of b -hadron, c -hadron, and τ -lepton properties as of 2021

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