Puerperal Infection

Taylor, Jeanette

doi:10.1136/pgmj.6.71.184

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Bacteria can be observed in the initial lymphatics in both experimental animal models and during bacterial human disease. For example, S. pyogenes and Y. pestis are present extracellularly in local initial lymphatics following intradermal injection of mice [ 22 , 26 ], and bacteria have been described in the lymphatic vessels of puerperal sepsis patients, dating back to the early 20th century [ 91 , 92 ]. Moreover, evidence of bacterial presence in the lymphatics, in the form of lymphangitis and lymphadenitis, is commonly observed in bacterial infections of the skin, such as impetigo, erysipelas, and cellulitis [ 83 ].…”

Section: Anatomy Of Bacterial Invasion I: Vessels and Fluid Flow In The Interstitiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Lymphatic Metastasis in Infection and Immunity

Siggins

Sriskandan

2021

Cells

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Lymphatic vessels permeate tissues around the body, returning fluid from interstitial spaces back to the blood after passage through the lymph nodes, which are important sites for adaptive responses to all types of pathogens. Involvement of the lymphatics in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections is not well studied. Despite offering an obvious conduit for pathogen spread, the lymphatic system has long been regarded to bar the onward progression of most bacteria. There is little direct data on live virulent bacteria, instead understanding is largely inferred from studies investigating immune responses to viruses or antigens in lymph nodes. Recently, we have demonstrated that extracellular bacterial lymphatic metastasis of virulent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes drives systemic infection. Accordingly, it is timely to reconsider the role of lymph nodes as absolute barriers to bacterial dissemination in the lymphatics. Here, we summarise the routes and mechanisms by which an increasing variety of bacteria are acknowledged to transit through the lymphatic system, including those that do not necessarily require internalisation by host cells. We discuss the anatomy of the lymphatics and other factors that influence bacterial dissemination, as well as the consequences of underappreciated bacterial lymphatic metastasis on disease and immunity.

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