Puffer fish poisoning (tetrodotoxin) in Bangladesh: clinical profile and role of anticholinesterase drugs

Ahasan, H A M Nazmul; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Rasul, Choudhury Habibur; Roy, P K

doi:10.1258/004947505774938549

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Also, due to ethical reasons and lack of specificity, MBA fell into disuse, with the latter reason also attributed to the enzymatic methods. When a poisoning case occurs, it is recommended, when available, to screen the liver, muscle, skin, gonads, and ovaries of the suspected poisoning marine vector samples [28,36,40,41,42,53,54,55,56,62,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88]. Human urine and plasma should also be analyzed for TTX in these cases [80].…”

Section: Ttx Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TTX (Figure 1) is a potent neurotoxin group [39] that can provoke severe poisoning after consumption of contaminated seafood. Several species of distinct marine organisms of human consumption were identified as TTX vectors: puffer fish [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29], gastropods [40], crustaceans [41,42,43,44], and bivalves [45]. Also, the occurrence of TTXs in terrestrial vertebrates such as Polypedates sp., Atelopus sp., Taricha granulosa , [46] and Cynops ensicauda popei [47] was reported [48,49].…”

Section: Tetrodotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, alkaline gastric lavage with sodium bicarbonate (2%) is indicated as a treatment within the first hour of the incident, due to TTX instability in alkaline media [69]. Another clinical intervention recommendation is the use of cholinesterase inhibitors such as neostigmine [28], and mechanical respiratory help may reduce mortality probability by muscle paralysis [38].…”

Section: Tetrodotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main Indian Ocean MTs is tetrodotoxin (a neurotoxin) and its analogs (TTXs), of which the main producers were reported to belong to different bacteria genera [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Cases of human poisoning are recurrent, especially after consumption of TTX-contaminated fish, with the puffer fish as the most common vector reported since Egyptian times [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Due to the lack of TTX monitoring programs, the episodes of human seafood poisoning are still common in the Indian Ocean area, since seafood is the most common food for many people living along coastal zones [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,24,26,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cases of human poisoning are recurrent, especially after consumption of TTX-contaminated fish, with the puffer fish as the most common vector reported since Egyptian times [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Due to the lack of TTX monitoring programs, the episodes of human seafood poisoning are still common in the Indian Ocean area, since seafood is the most common food for many people living along coastal zones [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,24,26,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38]. Thus, the objective of this paper was to review the incidence of TTX in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea zones and associated human seafood poisoning incidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Incidence of Tetrodotoxin and Its Analogs in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea

2019

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Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent marine neurotoxin with bacterial origin. To date, around 28 analogs of TTX are known, but only 12 were detected in marine organisms, namely TTX, 11-oxoTTX, 11-deoxyTTX, 11-norTTX-6(R)-ol, 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol, 4-epiTTX, 4,9-anhydroTTX, 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, 4-CysTTX, 5-deoxyTTX, 5,11-dideoxyTTX, and 6,11-dideoxyTTX. TTX and its derivatives are involved in many cases of seafood poisoning in many parts of the world due to their occurrence in different marine species of human consumption such as fish, gastropods, and bivalves. Currently, this neurotoxin group is not monitored in many parts of the world including in the Indian Ocean area, even with reported outbreaks of seafood poisoning involving puffer fish, which is one of the principal TTX vectors know since Egyptian times. Thus, the main objective of this review was to assess the incidence of TTXs in seafood and associated seafood poisonings in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Most reported data in this geographical area are associated with seafood poisoning caused by different species of puffer fish through the recognition of TTX poisoning symptoms and not by TTX detection techniques. This scenario shows the need of data regarding TTX prevalence, geographical distribution, and its vectors in this area to better assess human health risk and build effective monitoring programs to protect the health of consumers in Indian Ocean area.

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