Pullout Interaction Mechanism of Geogrid Strip Reinforcement

Abstract

Soil-reinforcement interaction parameters used in the design of reinforced soil systems are typically evaluated by measuring pullout resistance. A combined two-dimensional and three-dimensional interaction mechanism is proposed to evaluate the pullout resistance of geogrid strip reinforcement embedded in dense granular soil. Pullout tests were conducted using uniaxial geogrid reinforcement of various specimen widths. Results from the pullout tests confirmed that a three-dimensional interaction mechanism had developed at both edges of the strip reinforcement. This interaction mechanism is caused by a confinement of the dilating zone of soil around the reinforcement as described by Schlosser and Elias (1978). For the type of geogrid reinforcement and backfill material used in this investigation, the combined interaction mechanism is applicable for a strip reinforcement width, B, greater than 20 cm. For strip reinforcement with B less than 20 cm, the influence of restrained soil dilatancy results in the development of a purely three-dimensional interaction mechanism across the strip reinforcement width.

Direct shear behaviour of residual soil–geosynthetic interfaces – influence of soil moisture content, soil density and geosynthetic type

“…Several experimental methods have been developed for the analysis of soil-geosynthetic interaction, including direct shear tests, pullout tests, in-soil tensile tests and inclined plane tests (e.g. Alfaro et al 1995;Lopes andLadeira 1996a, 1996b;Raju and Fannin 1998;Pinho-Lopes and Lopes 1999;Costa-Lopes et al 2001;Ramirez and Gourc 2003;Mendes et al 2007;Liu et al 2009;Ferreira et al 2012Ferreira et al , 2013Ferreira et al , 2014Vieira et al 2013;Lopes et al 2014). Among them, pullout and direct shear tests are the most commonly used.…”

Bearing force mobilisation in pull-out tests on geogrids

“…Pull-out tests have been commonly employed to address the problem of soil-grid interaction and several works on the pull-out behaviour of geogrids can be found in the literature (Jewell, 1980;Dyer, 1985;Palmeira and Milligan, 1989;Fannin and Raju, 1993;Alfaro et al, 1995;Lopes and Ladeira, 1996;Ochiai et al, 1996;Lopes and Lopes, 1999, for instance). In most of the cases studied the soil material is granular and dense, but the geogrids may present very different geometrical characteristics and mechanical properties, as well as different load-strain-time responses.…”

Aplicação de resíduos de construção e demolição reciclados (RCD-R) em estruturas de solo reforçado

“…Influência do comprimento livre da grelha no resultado do ensaio de arrancamento: (a) Força de carregamento versus deslocamento, (b) deformação de tração ao longo do comprimento da grelha para um deslocamento de arrancamento de 41 mm (PALMEIRA, 2004). (ALFARO et al, 1995).…”