2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0046-8177(03)00088-1
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Pulmonary coinfection by trichomonas vaginalis and pneumocystis sp. as a novel manifestation of aids

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Cited by 39 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…This is due to the fact that these parasites are known to feed on bacteria. Besides, antibiotics and metronidazole against coinfection with empyema, as well as drugs active against PCP, have consistently cured patients of pulmonary trichomonosis (1,4,6). The question of whether trichomonads actually occur in the respiratory tracts of patients with underlying pulmonary pathologies is raised, and the frequency of this occurrence is probably broadly underestimated for three main reasons.…”
Section: Case Reportmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This is due to the fact that these parasites are known to feed on bacteria. Besides, antibiotics and metronidazole against coinfection with empyema, as well as drugs active against PCP, have consistently cured patients of pulmonary trichomonosis (1,4,6). The question of whether trichomonads actually occur in the respiratory tracts of patients with underlying pulmonary pathologies is raised, and the frequency of this occurrence is probably broadly underestimated for three main reasons.…”
Section: Case Reportmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The question of whether trichomonads actually occur in the respiratory tracts of patients with underlying pulmonary pathologies is raised, and the frequency of this occurrence is probably broadly underestimated for three main reasons. First, most trichomonad cells detected in different clinical contexts undergo deep morphological modifications that involve a change from a flagellate to an amoeboid form (4,5,7,8). Such change renders the identification of these parasites extremely difficult for observers not aware of the pleomorphism of these parasites.…”
Section: Case Reportmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…T. vaginalis is considered the only pathogenic trichomonad and causes infection mainly of the genitourinary tract. However, the presence of this protozoan parasite in the human respiratory tract has been reported previously (3)(4)(5). In addition, with more sensitive molecular methods, other trichomonads, namely, Trichomonas tenax, Pentatrichomonas hominis, Tritrichomonas foetus, Tetratrichomonas gallinarum, and a new Tetratrichomonas species, have been found in a number of cases in the respiratory tracts of humans (6,7).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, in the course of PcP, additional trichomonad species have been identified using molecular methods. These species include Trichomonas vaginalis, which is frequently found in the urogenital tract of humans 4 and Tritrichomonas foetus, a genital trichomonad that is found in bovids 5 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is likely that PcP and ARDS generate similar local hypoxic conditions that favour the colonization and growth of microaerophilic trichomonads. Superinfection by trichomonads during PcP could, therefore, be a secondary event within alveolar lumina that has been obliterated by fungal pathogens; drugs active against PcP have consistently cured patients of pulmonary trichomonosis 4,5 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%