Pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection: detection by Gallium 67 imaging in the transplant patient

Hamed, Islam

doi:10.1001/archinte.139.3.286

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Either a reactivation of CMV in IgG‐positive recipients or primary infection from CMV IgG‐ or IgM‐positive donors has been described . Reactivation, or “ de novo ” infection, is a result of the host's immunosuppression .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus infection of the major duodenal papilla in a renal allograft recipient with severe biliary obstruction and acalculous cholecystitis

Riediger

Beimler

Weitz

et al. 2013

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause severe infections with serious consequences in renal transplant recipients. Disseminated CMV infections can affect almost every organ, but obstructive cholestasis and cholangitis, as a consequence of a CMV-induced papillitis, is extremely rare. We are reporting a rare case of obstructive cholestasis and cholecystitis due to CMV-related inflammation of the major duodenal papilla in a 60-year-old woman 3 months after renal transplantation. In addition, the patient suffered from a disseminated CMV infection with ulcerative esophagitis and gastritis. Because of the severe CMV infection, failure of the renal graft occurred. Obstructive cholestasis was resolved through internal stenting, and the progressive cholecystitis necessitated an emergency cholecystectomy. Following antiviral therapy with ganciclovir, the gastrointestinal ulcerations regressed and renal function was restored. Diagnosis of the CMV-related disease was established only in tissue samples, whereas standard serologic tests had failed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus infection of the major duodenal papilla in a renal allograft recipient with severe biliary obstruction and acalculous cholecystitis

Riediger

Beimler

Weitz

et al. 2013

Transplant Infectious Dis

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“…Radionuclide imaging has been used to study viral diseases for more than three decades, by employing indirect methods to identify sites of infection. Beginning in the 1970s, it was found that cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and other infections in immunodeficient patients could be detected by administering a small intravenous dose of 67 Ga citrate and imaging them with a gamma camera (Hamed et al, 1979;Reinders Folmer et al, 1986). As a result of increased perfusion and enhanced vascular permeability, the radionuclide accumulated at sites of infection.…”

Section: Imaging Host Responses To Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiolabeled antiviral drugs and antibodies as virus-specific imaging probes

et al. 2010

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A number of small-molecule drugs inhibit viral replication by binding directly to virion structural proteins or to the active site of a viral enzyme, or are chemically modified by a viral enzyme before inhibiting a downstream process. Similarly, antibodies used to prevent or treat viral infections attach to epitopes on virions or on viral proteins expressed on the surface of infected cells. Such drugs and antibodies can therefore be thought of as probes for the detection of viral infections, suggesting that they might be used as radiolabeled tracers to visualize sites of viral replication by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. A current example of this approach is the PET imaging of herpes simplex virus infections, in which the viral thymidine kinase phosphorylates radiolabeled thymidine analogues, trapping them within infected cells. One of many possible future applications might be the use of a radiolabeled hepatitis C protease inhibitor to image infection in animals or humans and provide a quantitative measure of viral burden. This article reviews the basic features of radionuclide imaging and the characteristics of ideal tracer molecules, and discusses how antiviral drugs and antibodies could be evaluated for their suitability as virus-specific imaging probes. The use of labeled drugs as low-dose tracers would provide an alternative application for compounds that have failed to advance to clinical use because of insufficient in vivo potency, an unsuitable pharmacokinetic profile or hepato- or nephrotoxicity.

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“…1 In most cases, a combination of these features is seen. Other scintigraphic agents, including thallium 6,7 and gallium 8 have been able to detect opportunistic pulmonary infections. 3 Although bacterial infection often results in focal FDG activity (which sometimes may be confused for malignancy), 4,5 diffuse, bilateral abnormal glycolytic activity in an immunocompromised patient should raise the possibility of opportunistic infection.…”

Section: Interesting Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging of Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia

Mackie

2004

Clinical Nuclear Medicine

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FDG is commonly used to evaluate neoplastic disorders, but it is well-known that activity may also occur in infectious and inflammatory disorders. A case of cytomegalovirus pneumonia detected by FDG PET in an immunocompromised patient is presented. The FDG PET findings were incidental in a patient with a history of natural killer T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting for disease staging. Subsequent In-111-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and CT supported the diagnosis of an opportunistic infection, which was later confirmed by viral culture.

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Pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection: detection by Gallium 67 imaging in the transplant patient

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Cytomegalovirus infection of the major duodenal papilla in a renal allograft recipient with severe biliary obstruction and acalculous cholecystitis

Cytomegalovirus infection of the major duodenal papilla in a renal allograft recipient with severe biliary obstruction and acalculous cholecystitis

Radiolabeled antiviral drugs and antibodies as virus-specific imaging probes

F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging of Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia

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