Pulmonary fluorosis: a review

Abstract

The increased industrialization and improvised human lifestyle lead to a surge in environmental pollution nowadays. Even the chemicals which are known as prophylactic agents were currently liable to be toxic. One among them is inorganic fluoride whose wider application in numerous processes makes it as an inevitable environmental contaminant and industrial pollutant. Although the systemic toxicity of fluoride has been extensively studied, still there is lacuna in the field of pulmonary fluoride toxicity. Hence, we have focused on the molecular mechanism of action of fluoride compounds on pulmonary system. A study of literatures that focused on the potential physiological and toxicological consequences of fluoride on pulmonary system was carried out. The goal of this review is to present an overview of the research carried out till date on the molecular aspects of fluoride exposure with emphasis on pulmonary system and their possible mechanisms.

Effect of Fluoride on Cytotoxicity Involved in Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Review of Mechanism

“…Studies have shown that fluoride may induce osteoblast apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing endoparasitic reticulum stress, and then activate the endoparasitic reticulum pathway induced by calcium. Fluoride induces endoparasitic reticulum stress; however, long-term endoparasitic reticulum stress induces apoptosis ( 121 ). Ca 2+ is involved in almost all physiological activities and is the main messenger of the endoplasmic reticulum.…”