Pulmonary Functions and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Post-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Sequelae

Shanmugasundaram, K. Radha; Talwar, Anjana; Madan, Karan; Bade, Geetanjali

doi:10.4046/trd.2021.0127

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For example, in Korea, a very rapidly aging society, 4 the smoking rate has recently decreased in men and remained the same in women, 5 and the prevalence of tuberculosis has decreased, 6 among factors related to the prevalence of COPD. 7 Thus, to accurately evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with COPD, representative nationwide data reflecting factors associated with COPD are essential. However, few rapidly aging or aged societies have such nationwide representative databases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Rapidly Aging Society: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2019

et al. 2023

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Background The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases with age, and aging is an important risk factor for COPD development. In the era of global aging, demographic information about the prevalence of and factors associated with COPD are important to establish COPD care plans. However, limited information is available in rapidly aging societies, including Korea. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2015–2019. We included 15,613 participants and analyzed trends of and factors associated with COPD. Results During the study period, the overall prevalence of COPD was 12.9%. Over five years, the yearly prevalence of COPD was fairly constant, ranging from 11.5% to 13.6%. Among individuals aged ≥ 70 years, nearly one-third met COPD diagnostic criteria. In the multivariable analysis, age 70 years or older was the most strong factor associated with COPD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 17.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 14.16–22.52; compared with age 40–49), followed by asthma (aOR, 3.39; 95% CI, 2.44–4.71), male sex (aOR, 2.64; 95% CI, 2.18–3.19), and current smokers (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 2.08–3.25). Additionally, ex-smokers, low income, decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second %pred, and a history of pulmonary tuberculosis were associated with COPD. On the other hand, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m 2 (aOR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54–0.71; compared with BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m 2 ) had an inverse association with COPD. Conclusion Recent trends in the prevalence of COPD in South Korea are relatively stable. Approximately one-third of participants aged 70 years and older had COPD. Aging was the most important factor associated with COPD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Rapidly Aging Society: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2019

et al. 2023

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“…The seven included studies were primary studies conducted in five countries with a total sample size of 365. Of the seven studies, one used a case–control design,13 two used a cross-sectional design14 15 and four used a prospective cohort study design 10 16–18. Five studies assessed the outcome of parenchymal lung fibrosis, while the other two assessed residual pleural thickening (RPT).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies assessed the TGF-β level as a potential biomarker in forming fibrotic lesions in patients with TB with a total of 197 participants 13–15 17 18. Four studies reported that the TGF-β level had a significantly higher level in the presence of tissue fibrosis compared with non-fibrosis 13 14 17 18.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies reported that the TGF-β level had a significantly higher level in the presence of tissue fibrosis compared with non-fibrosis 13 14 17 18. Meanwhile, one study reported that TGF-β levels were higher in fibrotic lesions than in non-fibrotic lesions, but the difference was statistically insignificant 15. Furthermore, two studies assessed the difference in TGF-β levels in minimal lung fibrosis and extensive lung fibrotic lesion compared with the healthy group 14 17.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies assessed the MMP-1 level as a potential biomarker in the formation of fibrotic lesions in patients with TB, with a total of 202 participants 10 15 16. Of three studies, one reported that MMP-1 polymorphisms had a significant correlation with the formation of parenchymal lung fibrosis in patients with TB.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transforming growth factor-β and matrix metalloproteinases as potential biomarkers of fibrotic lesions induced by tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Santoso,

Rasiha,

Zainal

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesVery few studies and limited information are available regarding the mechanism of fibrosis in tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to identify, describe and synthesise potential biomarkers of the development of tissue fibrosis induced by TB through a systematic method and meta-analysis.MethodsA literature search was performed using keywords according to the topic from electronic databases (ScienceDirect and PubMed) and other methods (websites, organisations and citations). Studies that matched predetermined eligibility criteria were included. The quality assessment tool used was the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Score 2, and the data obtained were processed using Review Manager V.5.3.ResultsOf the 305 studies, 7 met the eligibility criteria with a total sample of 365. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the post-TB group of patients with pulmonary parenchymal fibrosis had a higher transforming growth factor (TGF)-β level (6.09) than the control group (1.82), with a 4.27 (95% CI: 0.92 to 7.61) mean difference. Moreover, patients with residual pleural thickening post-TB had a higher mean of TGF-β (0.61) than the control group (0.56), with a 0.05 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.06) mean difference. Besides TGF-β, our qualitative synthesis also found that matrix metalloproteinase-1 might have a role in forming and developing pulmonary tissue fibrosis, thus, could be used as a predictor marker in the formation of fibrotic lesions in patients with TB. In addition, several other biomarkers were assessed in the included studies, such as tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-8, IL-10, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and platelet-derived growth factor. However, this study is not intended to examine these biomarkers.ConclusionsThere were differences in the results of TGF-β levels in patients with fibrotic lesions compared with controls. TGF-β might be a biomarker of fibrotic tissue formation or increased pulmonary tissue fibrosis in post-TB patients. However, further studies are needed on a larger scale.

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Scoping review of post‐TB pulmonary vascular disease: Proceedings from the 2nd International Post‐Tuberculosis Symposium

Louw,

Van Heerden,

Kalla

et al. 2024

Pulm. circ.

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Tuberculosis (TB) may cause significant long‐term cardiorespiratory complications, of which pulmonary vascular disease is most under‐recognized. TB is rarely listed as a cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in most PH guidelines, yet PH may develop at various stages in the time course of TB, from active infection through to the post‐TB period. Predisposing risk factors for the development of PH are likely multifactorial, involving active TB disease and post‐TB lung disease (PTLD), host‐related and environment‐related factors. Moreover, post‐TB PH should likely be classified in Group 3 PH, with the pathogenesis similarly complex and multifactorial as other Group 3 PH causes. Identifying risk factors that predispose to post‐TB PH may aid in developing risk stratification criteria for early identification and referral for confirmatory diagnostic tests. Given that universal screening for PH in TB survivors may be impractical and unfeasible, a targeted screening approach for high‐risk individuals would be sensible. In this scoping review of post‐TB PH, resulting from the proceedings of the 2nd International Post‐Tuberculosis Symposium, we aim to describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of post‐TB PH. We emphasize diagnosing PH with an alternative set of diagnostic guidelines in resource‐constrained settings where right heart catheterization may not be feasible. Research to describe the burden and distribution of post‐TB PH should be prioritized as there is a current gap in knowledge regarding the prevalence and incidence of post‐TB PH among persons with TB.

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Pulmonary Functions and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Post-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Sequelae

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Recent Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Rapidly Aging Society: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2019

Recent Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Rapidly Aging Society: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2019

Transforming growth factor-β and matrix metalloproteinases as potential biomarkers of fibrotic lesions induced by tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Scoping review of post‐TB pulmonary vascular disease: Proceedings from the 2nd International Post‐Tuberculosis Symposium

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