Pulmonary hypertension in advanced sarcoidosis: epidemiology and clinical characteristics: Table. 1—

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a predictor of poor outcome in sarcoidosis. Little is known about the epidemiology of PH in sarcoidosis.The current authors reviewed the records of patients with sarcoidosis listed for lung transplantation in the USA between January 1995 and December 2002. PH was defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of .25 mmHg and severe PH as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of o40 mmHg.The cohort included 363 patients of whom 73.8% had PH. Neither spirometric testing nor the need for corticosteroids was associated with PH. Subjects with PH required more supplemental oxygen (2.7¡1.8 L?min -1 versus 1.6¡1.4 L?min -1 ). The cardiac index was lower in individuals with PH, whereas the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was higher. In multivariate analysis, supplemental oxygen remained an independent predictor of PH, whereas the relationship between cardiac index and PH was no longer significant. As a screening test, the need for oxygen had a sensitivity and specificity of 91.8% and 32.6%, respectively. Pulmonary hypertension is common in advanced sarcoidosis. The need for oxygen correlates with pulmonary hypertension. Since pulmonary hypertension is associated with poor outcomes and because simple clinical criteria fail to identify patients with sarcoidosis and pulmonary hypertension, more aggressive screening for this should be considered.

Pulmonary hypertension related to pulmonary diseases or hypoxia and its treatment

“…PH ileri evre sarkoidoz olgularında da oldukça sık görülür (25). Bir çalışmada transplantasyon adayı olan 363 skleroderma olgusunda SKK ile PH saptanma oranı %73.8 bulunmuştur (28). İPF olgularında PH prevalansı %32 ile %85 olarak bildirilmektedir.…”

Sarcoidosis Associated Pulmonary Hypertension

“…(Baughman et al, 2011) The prevalence of SAPH has been reported to be 73.8% in patients being evaluated for lung transplantation, with severe PH (mPAP >40 mm Hg) present in 36% of patients. (Shorr et al, 2005) SAPH is more prevalent in patients with advanced radiographic stage, but can develop in the absence of parenchymal lung abnormalities. In one cohort of 54 patients with sarcoidosis and elevated pulmonary pressures by www.intechopen.com echocardiography, 60% of the patients had radiographic stage IV disease, while 10% had radiologically normal lung parenchyma (stages 0 and I).…”

Recent advances in the pathogenesis and clinical evaluation of pulmonary fibrosis

“…Interestingly, there was an association with sleeping position as the most involved lung was the dependent one in 94% of the cases. Pulmonary hypertension is not uncommon in ILD and in IPF, sarcoidosis and SSc-ILD it is mainly associated with reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and desaturation in exercise, and is a predictor of poor survival [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. Recently, it was proposed that pulmonary vascular resistance measured during right heart catheterisation may predict mortality in ILD [99].…”