Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: Prevalence, prognosis and 6 min walk test

Andersen, Charlotte Uggerhøj; Mellemkjær, Søren; Hilberg, Ole; Nielsen‐Kudsk, Jens Erik; Simonsen, Ulf; Bendstrup, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2012.02.015

Cited by 87 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In general, the prevalence of PH was similar in studies from Europe [18,25,[40][41][42][43][44][45][47][48][49], North America [5,6,26,28,46,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67], Asia and Africa [37,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75], although the majority of evidence was reported from North America (n=23, 53%). Across studies, the prevalence of PH among IPF patients ranged from 3% to 86%; most estimates tended to be between 30% and 50% (figure 3) [25, 43, 44, 47, 50, 52-66, 68, 71-73].…”

Section: Pulmonary Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: a systematic literature review

et al. 2015

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with a fatal prognosis and manifests in patients over 60 years old who may have comorbidities. The prevalence and impact of comorbidities on the clinical course of IPF is unclear.This systematic literature review examined the prevalence of comorbidities and mortality associated with comorbidities in IPF patients. Relevant observational studies published in English from January 1990 to January 2015 identified via MEDLINE and EMBASE were included; bibliographies of articles were also searched.Among the 126 studies included, prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was 3-86%, 6-91% for obstructive sleep apnoea, 3-48% for lung cancer and 6-67% for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nonrespiratory comorbidities included ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (3-68%) and gastrooesophageal reflux (GER) (0-94%). Mortality was highest among patients with IPF and lung cancer. Most studies assessed relatively small samples of patients with IPF.PH, COPD, lung cancer, GER and IHD are significant comorbidities; differences in IPF severity, case definitions and patient characteristics limited the comparability of findings. The identification and prompt treatment of comorbidities may have a clinically significant impact on overall outcome that is meaningful for patients with IPF. @ERSpublications Identification and prompt treatment of comorbidities has a clinically significant impact on outcome for IPF patients

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Section: Pulmonary Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: a systematic literature review

et al. 2015

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“…In CF, one study reported moderate relationships between 6MWD and FEV1 (r50.53) and FVC (r50.62) [67]. In PAH, correlations between 6MWD and mean pulmonary artery pressure ranged from -0.2 to -0.62 [43,63,68,69].…”

Section: Is the 6mwt A Maximal Test?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 studies included patients with COPD [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122], eight studies included patients with ILD [69,[123][124][125][126][127][128][129], nine studies included patients with PAH [43,[130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137] and four included studies patients with other chronic respiratory disease or on the list for transplantation [138][139][140][141]. Average 6MWD at baseline was between 300 and 450 m ( fig.…”

Section: Relationship Of 6mwd To Clinical Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease

Singh¹,

Puhan²,

et al. 2014

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This systematic review examined the measurement properties of the 6-min walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) in adults with chronic respiratory disease.Studies that report the evaluation or use of the 6MWT, ISWT or ESWT were included. We searched electronic databases for studies published between January 2000 and September 2013.The 6-min walking distance (6MWD) is a reliable measure (intra-class correlation coefficients ranged from 0.82 to 0.99 in seven studies). There is a learning effect, with greater distance walked on the second test (pooled mean improvement of 26 m in 13 studies). Reliability was similar for ISWT and ESWT, with a learning effect also evident for ISWT (pooled mean improvement of 20 m in six studies). The 6MWD correlates more strongly with peak work capacity (r50.59-0.93) and physical activity (r50.40-0.85) than with respiratory function (r50.10-0.59). Methodological factors affecting 6MWD include track length, encouragement, supplemental oxygen and walking aids. Supplemental oxygen also affects ISWT and ESWT performance. Responsiveness was moderate to high for all tests, with greater responsiveness to interventions that included exercise training.The findings of this review demonstrate that the 6MWT, ISWT and ESWT are robust tests of functional exercise capacity in adults with chronic respiratory disease. OverviewThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the measurement properties for the 6-min walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) in adults with chronic respiratory disease. A companion paper describes the standard operating procedures for the tests [1]. The key findings of this systematic review are as follows.1) The 6-min walking distance (6MWD) is a valid and reliable measure of exercise capacity for people with chronic lung disease. The 6MWD correlates more strongly with measures of peak work capacity and physical activity than with respiratory function or quality of life, which supports its conceptualisation as a test of functional exercise performance.2) The ISWT offers a different protocol to the 6MWT as it is incremental and externally paced. The ISWT is a valid and reliable measure of cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where there is a strong relationship between ISWT distance and peak oxygen uptake (V9O 2 peak) or work rate on a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).3) A learning effect is observed for the 6MWT and the ISWT. The second test usually is the better compared with the first, but this is inconsistent.4) The ESWT is a test of endurance capacity. It is externally paced and is performed along the same course as the ISWT. Two tests do not appear to be necessary if the second test is conducted on the same day.5) Reference equations have been proposed for the 6MWD and the ISWT. Age, height and weight are included in most equations. The influence of race and ethnicity is unclear.6) The safety profile of ...

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“…5 A study from Denmark reported pulmonary hypertension in 14% with mixed types of ILD and who were screened for PH by echocardiography and concluded that 8% of them had mild PH (Mean PAP >25 mmHg, but <35 mmHg) and 6% of them had severe PH (Mean PAP >35 mmHg). [23][24] Hamada et al observed that the prevalence of PH in this patient population was as low as 8.1%. 25 Abeles AM et al reported that C-Reactive Protein was raised in 45.2% cases and was the most consistent finding followed by serum ANA positivity in 17.8% cases (Maximum in IPF: 27.6%) and also found that Serum DsDNA was positive in 6.9% cases with IPF and 20% in CTD associated ILDs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

A Clinical and Radiological Profile of Patients of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Attending the Chest Hospital of Medical College From North India

Kumar¹,

Verma²,

Lal³

et al. 2016

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Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: Prevalence, prognosis and 6 min walk test

Cited by 87 publications

References 29 publications

Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: a systematic literature review

Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: a systematic literature review

An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease

A Clinical and Radiological Profile of Patients of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Attending the Chest Hospital of Medical College From North India

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