Pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompetent patient with COPD: The role of defective innate response

Kontogiorgi, Marina; Opsimoulis, P.; Kopterides, Petros; Savva, Athina; Kalodimou, Vasiliki E; Belesiotou, Elina; Giamarellos‐Bourboulis, Evangelos J.

doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2013.03.007

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are few documented cases of pulmonary nocardiosis affecting adult immunocompetent patients,7–9 and they are mostly associated with pulmonary chronic disease (such as bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma) 10–13. There are also reports of previously healthy children having nocardiosis associated with pneumonia and pleural effusion, central nervous system infection and septic arthritis 14–17…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardialung abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent

Soares¹,

Reis-Melo

Ferraz

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

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The authors report a case of a lung abscess caused by Nocardia sp. in a previously healthy adolescent. A 17-year-old young man presented with tonsillitis that did not respond to β-lactamic antibiotic, dyspnoea and thoracic pain. The X-ray revealed a cavitation in the right pulmonary upper lobe. He was admitted and completed a 14-day empirical antimicrobial therapy for a pulmonar abscess, although no clinical recovery was observed. He then underwent pulmonary biopsy of the lesion and PCR analysis of the collected pulmonary tissue, which revealed the presence of Nocardia. This case emphasises the importance of considering nocardiosis in the differential diagnosis of a lung abscess, particularly if no response to empirical therapy is obtained.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardialung abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent

Soares¹,

Reis-Melo

Ferraz

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

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“…Macrophages play a critical role in both innate and adaptive immunity, which is required to control intracellular bacterial infections (21). The innate immune system is important, since Nocardia species evasion is mediated through uptake and intracellular survival in macrophages of the host (22). Coulombe et al have found that N. asteroides could activate innate immunity via the host sensor NOD2 (23).…”

Section: Fig 9 Tlr4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nfa34810 Facilitates Nocardia farcinica Invasion of Host Cells and Stimulates Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Secretion through Activation of the NF-κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways via Toll-Like Receptor 4

Zhang

et al. 2020

Infect Immun

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The mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of Nocardia is not fully known. The Nfa34810 protein of Nocardia farcinica has been predicted to be a virulence factor. However, relatively little is known regarding the interaction of Nfa34810 with host cells, specifically invasion and innate immune activation. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of recombinant Nfa34810 during infection. We demonstrated that Nfa34810 is an immunodominant protein located in the cell wall. Nfa34810 protein was able to facilitate the uptake and internalization of latex beads coated with Nfa34810 protein into HeLa cells. Furthermore, the deletion of the nfa34810 gene in N. farcinica attenuated the ability of the bacteria to infect both HeLa and A549 cells. Moreover, stimulation with Nfa34810 triggered macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and it also activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways by inducing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, JNK, p65, and AKT in macrophages. Specific inhibitors of ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-κB significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α, which demonstrated that Nfa34810-mediated TNF-α production was dependent upon the activation of these kinases. We further found that neutralizing antibodies against Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) significantly inhibited TNF-α secretion. Taken together, our results indicated that Nfa34810 is a virulence factor of N. farcinica and plays an important role during infection. Nfa34810-induced production of TNF-α in macrophages also involves ERK, JNK, and NF-κB via the TLR4 pathway.

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“…IL-17 cytokines mediate the chemotaxis of neutrophils to sites of infection and upregulate the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [30]. IL-17A has been extensively studied in pulmonary infections, asthma, cancer, ANCA associated vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, and renal transplantation [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Chemokines In Renal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokines as Potential Markers in Pediatric Renal Diseases

Silva¹,

Pereira²,

Teixeira³

et al. 2015

Biomarkers in Kidney Disease

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Glomerular diseases and obstructive uropathies are the two most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Recently, biomarkers have become a focus of clinical research as potentially useful diagnostic tools in pediatric renal diseases. Among several putative biomarkers, chemokines emerge as promising molecules since they play relevant roles in the pathophysiology of pediatric renal diseases. The evaluation of these inflammatory mediators might help in the management of diverse renal diseases in children and the detection of patients at high risk to develop CKD. The aim of this paper is to revise general aspects of chemokines and the potential link between chemokines and the most common pediatric renal diseases by including experimental and clinical evidence.

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Pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompetent patient with COPD: The role of defective innate response

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Nocardialung abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent

Nocardialung abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent

Nfa34810 Facilitates Nocardia farcinica Invasion of Host Cells and Stimulates Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Secretion through Activation of the NF-κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways via Toll-Like Receptor 4

Chemokines as Potential Markers in Pediatric Renal Diseases

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