Pulmonary nocardiosis in southern Taiwan

Chen, Yi‐Chun; Lee, Chen‐Hsiang; Chien, Chun-Chih; Chao, Tsi-Chian; Lin, Wei-Che; Liu, Jien-Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2012.07.017

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our study accords with previous reports of high mortality (31%–40%) and high rates of ICU admission in unrestricted studies of pulmonary and disseminated nocardiosis [10, 19, 26–28]. Severe disease was common, and fulminant presentations were seen in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Chronic lung disease is well recognized as a predisposing factor for pulmonary nocardiosis, both in the presence and absence of immunosuppressive factors [9, 17, 24, 26]. Chronic lung disease was an important predisposing factor for nocardiosis in our population; approximately two fifths of these patients also had coexistent immunosuppressive factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nocardiosis in the Tropical Northern Territory of Australia, 1997–2014

McGuinness¹,

Whiting²,

Baird

et al. 2016

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background.Nocardia is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause life-threatening disease. We aimed to characterize the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical features of nocardiosis in the tropical north of Australia.Methods.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of nocardiosis diagnosed between 1997 and 2014. Population-based incidences were calculated using district population data.Results.Clinically significant nocardiosis was identified in 61 patients. The unadjusted population-based annual incidence of nocardiosis was 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–2.60) per 100000 people and was 1.7 (95% CI, .96–2.90) fold higher in Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous persons (P = .027). Of 61 patients, 47 (77%) had chronic lung disease, diabetes, and/or hazardous alcohol consumption; 22 (36%) were immunocompromised; and 8 (13%) had no identified comorbidities. Disease presentations included pulmonary (69%; 42 of 61), cutaneous (13%; 8 of 61), and disseminated nocardiosis (15%; 9 of 61). The most commonly identified species were Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (each 11%). Linezolid was the only antimicrobial to which isolates were universally susceptible; 89% (48 of 54), 60% (32 of 53), and 48% (26 of 54) of isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, and imipenem, respectively. Eighteen patients (30%) required intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and 1-year mortality was 31%.Conclusions.The incidence of nocardiosis in tropical Australia is amongst the highest reported globally. Nocardiosis occurs in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts, and it is associated with high rates of ICU admission, 1-year mortality, and resistance to commonly recommended antimicrobials. Diagnosis should be considered in patients with consistent clinical features, particularly if they are Indigenous or have chronic lung disease.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Nocardiosis in the Tropical Northern Territory of Australia, 1997–2014

McGuinness¹,

Whiting²,

Baird

et al. 2016

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nocardiosis mainly manifests as an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients (Chen et al, 2013). An impairment of cell-mediated immunity is considered to be the major risk factor (Tremblay et al, 2011;Deem et al, 1983;Beaman and Beaman, 1994;Filice and Niewoehner, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary nocardiosis in Western Europe—Clinical evaluation of 43 patients and population-based estimates of hospitalization rates

Ott

Meier

Kolditz

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pulmonary nocardiosis (PN) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening infection. Most of our knowledge on PN is derived from case reports and small case series. Increasing incidence rates of PN have been reported recently. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical course of and risk factors for PN in four Western European countries and to estimate population-based annual hospitalization rates. Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) of the clinical course of and risk factors for PN in patients at 11 hospitals in four European countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and the Netherlands). Population-based estimates of hospitalization rates for PN in Germany (2005 to 2011) were calculated using official German nationwide diagnosis-related groups (DRG) hospital statistics. Results: Forty-three patients fulfilled stringent criteria for proven (n = 8) and probable (n = 35) PN; seven had extrapulmonary dissemination. For these 43 patients, the major risk factors for PN were immunocompromising (83.7%) and/or pulmonary (58.1%; as only comorbidity in 27.9%) comorbidities. The median duration of PN targeted therapy was 12 weeks. Distinctive patterns of resistance were observed (imipenem susceptibility: Nocardia farcinica 33.3%; Nocardia asteroides 66.7%). The overall mortality rate was 18.9% (50% in disseminated PN). Over time, annual PN hospitalization rates remained unchanged at around 0.04/ 100 000, with the highest rate among men aged 75-84 years (0.24/100 000). Conclusions: PN is a rare, but potentially life-threatening disease, and mainly affects immunocompromised elderly males. Overall, annual hospitalization rates remained stable between 2005 and 2011.

show abstract

“…Nocardia farcinica accounts for about 10% of nocardiosis [4,6]. The present patient developed empyema, which occurs in 10-40% of the cases of nocardiosis [7,8]. However, only one of 67 reported patients with N. farcinica infection developed SA [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%