Pulmonary rehabilitation principles in SARS-COV-2 infection (COVID-19): A guideline for the acute and subacute rehabilitation

Public interest in spa therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of Google Trends data among Turkey

“…Acute period rehabilitation focuses on supporting respiratory functions and preventing the complications of immobilization/bed rest (Gutenbrunner et al 2020 ; Liebl et al 2020 ; Siddiq et al 2020 ; Kurtaiş Aytür et al 2020 ; Wang et al 2020 ). In this period, rehabilitation interventions include positioning, respiration treatment, and early mobilization (Gutenbrunner et al 2020 ; Liebl et al 2020 ; Siddiq et al 2020 ; Kurtaiş Aytür et al 2020 ; Wang et al 2020 ). Long-term period rehabilitation focuses on improving ongoing respiratory problems and restoration of physical disabilities either resulted by directly COVID-19 (its musculoskeletal/neurological manifestations) (Ceravolo et al 2020 ; Gutenbrunner et al 2020 ; Barker-Davies et al 2020 ; Liebl et al 2020 ; Kurtaiş Aytür et al 2020 ; Wang et al 2020 ; Lopez et al 2020 ) or intensive care stay (post-intensive care syndrome) (Ceravolo et al 2020 ; Gutenbrunner et al 2020 ), addressing psychological issues (e.g., depression and anxiety) as well (Gutenbrunner et al 2020 ; Barker-Davies et al 2020 ).…”

Rehabilitation During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Indian Perspective

“…Pulmonary rehabilitation is not recommended for patients in acute stage of ARDS and unstable patients except for positioning advice and range of motion exercises. 13 Once the patient's symptoms have become stable, ie, fever has decreased, dyspnea improved, having respiratory rate of < 30 breaths/min, oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) > 90%, an individualized rehabilitation plan appropriate to the specific impairments of the patient should be formulated. This plan incorporates supporting pulmonary hygiene, training of bronchial clearance techniques in hypersecretive patients, and deep coughing into closed plastic bags for sputum collection to prevent any spread of virus, and teaching breathing techniques.…”

“…Airway clearance techniques are not required if patient has dry cough. 13 For disability prevention, this phase of rehabilitation includes optimizing bed positioning, active-assisted or active joint mobilization, whole body muscle strengthening and frequent changes of posture. Gradually increasing the anti-gravity position based on the patient's clinical condition until the patient can maintain an upright position, plays an indispensable role.…”

“…It is recommended that mobilization should be encouraged as soon as possible with sitting in bed followed by sitting at the edge of the bed, transfer to the chair, and standing with the help of a tilt table. 13 All these techniques and exercises, deemed appropriate by PM&R specialist, should be taught to the patient by 1 of the rehabilitation team members (physiotherapist, occupational therapist, or nurse) during a single session. 13 Where ever possible, videos, instructional manuals, and remote consultations can also be used for demonstration and education purposes.…”

Rehabilitación intrahospitalaria en el paciente con Covid-19

“…Para ello se han hecho consideraciones basadas en los conocimientos previos sobre enfermedades con efectos similares en los sistemas respiratorio, cardiovascular, musculoesquelético, entre otros, así como la experiencia adquirida hasta la fecha. Como en muchas otras condiciones que requieren de rehabilitación, se necesita un equipo multidisciplinario 40,63 .…”