Pulmonary sequelae in 2-year-old children after hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection during infancy: an observational study

Verwey, Charl; Ramocha, Lesego M; Laubscher, Marius; Baillie, Vicky; Nunes, Marta C; Gray, Diane; Hantos, Zoltán; Dangor, Ziyaad; Madhi, Shabir A.

doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001618

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…In this study, it is worth noting that the impact of Omicron infection on the health of children involves multiple systems, in particular breathing and mental health with over 90% children suffering one or more relevant symptoms one-month post-Omicron, even after two months, one or more these symptoms persisted among over half children. Persisting breathing-related problems are very easy to trigger the development of lower respiratory tract infection, an important cause of children morbidity and mortality around the globe [19]. Moreover, systematic evidence suggests that children with con rmed lower respiratory tract infection during the rst 3 years of life often have abnormal pulmonary function testing and are susceptible to obstructive airways diseases [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Omicron Infection on Childhood Health: The China Long-COVID Study

Zhou,

Li,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose The aim of this prospective study was to assess the dynamic changes of persisting symptoms among children aged 6–18 years during 1–2 months after the Omicron infection based on the modification of SBQ-LC in Tongzhou cohort, Beijing. Methods This study includes 4 serial surveys performed on January 7–9, January 14–16, January 21–23 and February 12–14, respectively. The prediction of age and survey for eight domains in the Rasch 0-100 linear score was undertaken by generalized additive mixed model. Results Total 1536 children (median age: 13 years, boys: 49.9%) had completed information across 4 surveys. Information on 51 symptoms was collected, with each scored on a 4-point rating scale. Generally, the distribution of age with all domains followed the N-shaped geometry, and that of survey followed the inverse J-shaped geometry. The Rasch linear score hit the lowest level among children aged 6–8 years, and reached the peak among children aged 12–13 years. The scores of all domains sharply declined from the first to the third survey, and remained stable between the third and the fourth survey. At the fourth survey, 95.05% and 51.37% of children still had one or more problems relating to breathing and mental health, respectively, and the percentage of rest six domains was reduced to less than 20%. Conclusions Our findings indicate the multifaceted impact of Omicron infection on childhood health, especially among children aged 12–13 years. Moreover, breathing and mental health related problems still persisted during 1-to-2-month Omicron infection period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Omicron Infection on Childhood Health: The China Long-COVID Study

Zhou,

Li,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Long‐term lung function follow‐up of preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestational age

Merino‐Hernández,

Muñoz‐Cutillas,

Ramos‐Navarro

et al. 2024

Pediatric Pulmonology

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BackgroundPreterm infants, particularly those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), are at risk of lung development problems. Over the last decades, lung protective strategies have been used, decreasing the risk of chronic lung disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the pulmonary function test (PFT) of preterm infants born after the introduction of lung protective strategies and to assess perinatal determinants of impaired lung function in this population.MethodsA prospective, observational, single‐center study was conducted in the neonatal unit of a high‐complexity hospital. The study included newborns with less than 32 weeks gestational age born between 2012 and 2014, who were followed up until they reach school age. For the main outcome, two groups were stablished: no BPD or grade 1 BPD (no BPD/1) and grade 2 or 3 BPD (BPD 2/3).ResultsOut of 327 patients, 116 were included. BPD was diagnosed in 49.1% (47), with 50.9% (29) classified as grade 1, 35.1% (20) as grade 2, and 14.0% (8) as grade 3. Mean age at PFT was 8.59 years (SD 0.90). Mean FEV1% was 95.36% (SD 13.21) and FEV1 z‐score −0.36 (SD 1.12); FVC% 97.53% (SD 12.59) and FVC z‐score −0.20 (SD 1.06); FEV1/FVC ratio 85.84% (SD 8.34) and z‐score −0.24 (SD 1.34). When comparing patients with no BPD/1 and BPD 2/3, we observed differences in all pulmonary function parameters, which persisted after adjusting for gestational age. No differences in PFT were observed between patients without BPD and those with grade 1 BPD. Most patients (76.7%, 89) had normal spirometry pattern, with obstructive pattern observed in 12.9% (15), restrictive pattern in 9.5% (11), and mixed pattern in 0.9% (1) of patients.ConclusionPreterm infants with BPD 2/3 showed a decrease in all pulmonary function parameters compared to preterm infants with no BPD/1; an effect that was independent of gestational age. Among patients with BPD who had an altered PFT pattern, the most common pattern was obstructive, followed by restrictive and then, mixed.

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Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children

Zhang,

Hua

et al. 2023

World J Pediatr

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Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years, representing a major global healthcare burden. There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life. A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology, infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in children. Data sources The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, using variations in terms for “respiratory syncytial virus”, “RSV”, “lower respiratory tract infection”, “bronchiolitis”, “acute”, “viral pneumonia”, “neonatal”, “infant” “children”, and “pediatric”. Results Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prevention were proposed with a high degree of consensus. Although supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections, new monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, drug therapies, and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled out. Conclusions This consensus, based on international and national scientific evidence, reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections. Further improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.

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Pulmonary sequelae in 2-year-old children after hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection during infancy: an observational study

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Omicron Infection on Childhood Health: The China Long-COVID Study

Impact of Omicron Infection on Childhood Health: The China Long-COVID Study

Long‐term lung function follow‐up of preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestational age

Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children

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