Pulmonary Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Case Report and Review

Silva, Luciano Muller Corrêa da; Oliveira, Flávio de Mattos; Hochhegger, Bruno; Severo, Luiz Carlos

doi:10.5216/rpt.v42i1.23599

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…was isolated from respiratory samples in mycological cultures (Table 1). In total, 60% of these patients were cured (3/5), including two patients with disseminated disease and one patient with primary lung involvement [18,37,49,51,59,66,68,72,77,81].…”

Section: Pulmonary Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporothrix brasiliensis Causing Atypical Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Poester,

Xavier,

Munhoz

et al. 2024

JoF

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Zoonotic sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis, has become hyperendemic and a serious public health issue in Brazil and an emerging disease throughout the world. Typical sporotrichosis is defined as fixed or lymphocutaneous lesion development, however, reports of atypical presentations have been described in hyperendemic areas, which may result in a worse prognosis. Thus, considering an increase in atypical cases and in more severe extracutaneous cases and hospitalizations reported in Brazil, we aimed to perform a systematic review to search for hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) and extracutaneous presentations associated with zoonotic sporotrichosis. A systematic review was performed, following the PRISMA guidelines to search for atypical/extracutaneous cases (mucosal, osteoarthritis, HRs, pulmonary, meningeal) of zoonotic sporotrichosis. A total of 791 published cases over 26 years (1998–2023) in eleven Brazilian states were reviewed. Most cases corresponded to a HR (47%; n = 370), followed by mucosal (32%; n = 256), multifocal (8%; n = 60), osteoarthritis (7%; n = 59), meningeal (4%; n = 32), and pulmonary (2%; n = 14) infections. When available (n = 607), the outcome was death in 7% (n = 43) of cases. Here, we show a frequent and worrisome scenario of zoonotic sporotrichosis in Brazil, with a high and dispersed incidence of atypical/extracutaneous cases throughout the Brazilian territory. Therefore, educational measures are necessary to make health professionals and the overall population aware of this fungal pathogen in Brazil as well as in other countries in the Americas.

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Section: Pulmonary Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporothrix brasiliensis Causing Atypical Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Poester,

Xavier,

Munhoz

et al. 2024

JoF

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Revisiting Pulmonary Sporotrichosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of an Overlooked Fungal Infection

Fahmi H. Kakamad,

Hiwa O. Abdullah,

Marwan N. Hassan

et al. 2024

Barw Medical Journal

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Introduction Pulmonary sporotrichosis (PST) is a rare and neglected but severe disease. Its optimal management remains challenging, as recommendations are primarily derived from case reports. This study summarizes PST patients' presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcome. Methods Studies were identified through a search on Google Scholar and PubMed. The collected data included study characteristics, demographic data, risk factors, comorbidities, clinical status, presentations, imaging findings, diagnostic methods, disease focality, fungal species, treatment methods, complications, ICU admission status, and outcomes. Results Most of the studies were conducted in the USA (71.7%). In total, 34.7% of the cases were smokers, 30.7% had occupational exposure to dust and soil, 5.3% had contact with pets or roses or wooden materials, and 2.7% had environmental exposure. Overall, 32% of the patients were alcoholic, 29.3% had bacterial infections, 24% had respiratory or pulmonary diseases, and 17.3% were found to have HIV. The most frequently reported symptom was coughing (61.3%). The most common imaging finding was cavitary lesions (53.3%). The most commonly utilized diagnostic approach was sputum culture (69.3%). A combined conservative regimen was the treatment of choice in 26 patients (34.7%). The survival rate was 69.3%, with a recurrence rate of 5.8%. Conclusion The coexistence of multiple risk factors may trigger the disease. Its low incidence in endemic areas suggests the potential for missed or misdiagnosed cases. Treatment approaches include a combined conservative regimen or in combination with surgery. The survival rate is high, but the mortality rate should not be overlooked.

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Pulmonary Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Case Report and Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Sporothrix brasiliensis Causing Atypical Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Sporothrix brasiliensis Causing Atypical Sporotrichosis in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Revisiting Pulmonary Sporotrichosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of an Overlooked Fungal Infection

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